iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM F428-83(1997)e2

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures

Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the visual inspection of scratches on the glass surface of aerospace transparent enclosures.  
1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Nov-2001
ICS
49.045 - Structure and structure elements
Technical Committee
F07 - Aerospace and Aircraft
Drafting Committee
F07.08 - Transparent Enclosures and Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F428-83(1997)e1 - Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures
Effective Date
10-Nov-2001
Replaced By
ASTM F428-01 - Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures
Effective Date
10-Nov-2001
Referred By
ASTM F548-19 - Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Transparent Plastics
Effective Date
10-Nov-2001
Referred By
ASTM F790-23 - Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures
Effective Date
10-Nov-2001

Buy Standard

ASTM F428-83(1997)e2 - Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass EnclosuresASTM F428-83(1997)e2 - Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM F428-83(1997)e2 - Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e2
Designation: F 428 – 83 (Reapproved 1997)
Standard Test Method for
Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Sections 9 and 10 were added editorially in April 1997.
e NOTE—Note 1 was added editorially in July 2001.
1. Scope 428-2 and the heaviest as ASTM F 428-8.
1.1 This test method covers the visual inspection of
NOTE 1—The Glass Scratch Visual Comparison Standard is being
scratches on the glass surface of aerospace transparent enclo- revised and is currently not available as an adjunct.
sures.
6. Procedure
1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
6.1 Place the part in a suitable inspection position. This may
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its be horizontal on a padded table, vertical against a neutral
background, or at an angle simulating the installed position.
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter- The scratched surface shall be toward the observer. The light
level shall be a minimum of 80 lumens. Either natural or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
artificial light may be used. Place the scratch in the visual
2. Referenced Documents
comparison standard beside and parallel to the scratch in
2.1 ASTM Adjuncts: question. Rotate the part or viewing angle to get the best
Scratch Test Standard (Glass) Adjunct F 428 definition of the scratch. Disregarding the length of the scratch
on the part and on the standard, select and record the standard
3. Summary of Test Method
that most closely matches the appearance of the scratch on the
3.1 A visual comparison is made between a set of graded
part. Measure and record the length of the scratch to the nearest
scratch standards and the scratch on the glass aerospace 1 mm (or 0.05 in.).
transparency to determine the relative intensity of the scratch.
7. Interpretation
4. Significance and Use
7.1 Customer specifications for aerospace glass surfaced
4.1 Scratches exist on all glass surfaces. Usually they are
transparent enclosures may detail allowable frequency, loca-
very fine scratches from cleaning operations that are not visible tion, length, and standard number for scratches and they may
when looking through the glass. Visible scratches may be
assign maximum scratch limits for critical and noncritical
distracting to the observer looking through the enclosure.
optical viewing areas.
There
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM F1362-18(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Shear Strength and Shear Modulus of Aerospace Glazing Interlayer Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The basic material properties obtained from this test method can be used in the control of the quality of interlayers, in the theoretical equations for designing laminated transparencies, and in the evaluation of new interlayers.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear strength and shear modulus of interlayer materials that are restrained by relatively high modulus plies in laminated transparencies. This test method can be used with single or multiple plies of the same interlayer materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F790-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is intended for use by material suppliers, aircraft transparent enclosure fabricators, air-frame manufacturers, government agencies, and others that may become involved in the testing of transparency components. These test methods provide data on both individual materials and material combinations commonly utilized in the fabrications of aerospace transparent enclosures comprised of monolithic plastic, coated monolithic plastic or laminated constructions containing plastics.  
3.2 Primary properties and their long term stability are critical to the performance of aerospace transparent enclosures. Property measurement tests define as-manufactured material properties of these materials. Aging procedures provide for exposure of parts or representative sections to environments that induce changes in material properties as determined in property measurement tests. Property measurement tests performed before and after aging exposure provide a means of estimating the potential usable life span of a transparency or to compare the durability of one material with another.  
3.3 When employing these test methods for comparison of materials for weathering effects the user should be aware that the many factors influencing degradation due to weathering vary from one location to another. For direct weathering comparisons, all material(s) shall undergo exposure conditions and property measurements testing at the same time.  
3.4 The test methods listed include those considered critical to the performance of aircraft transparent enclosures. Other test methods to evaluate materials shall also be performed where necessary. Additional test methods are in preparation and will be incorporated. The user is advised to employ the latest revision of any test method.  
3.5 The dominant component of all transparent enclosures is one, or more, rigid transparent sheet(s). The sheet(s) must permit the necessary visibility while providing structural integrity and protecting the ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to summarize the standard test methods available on individual and composite materials utilized in fabrication of aerospace plastic transparent enclosures. As such, it is intended to specifically include transparent thermoplastics, transparent elastomers, and reinforced plastics, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.  
1.2 This guide is intended as an aid in the search for test methods pertinent to Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures. It should be understood that all methods listed may not apply to all enclosures.  
1.3 The standards included refer to the properties or aspects listed in Table 1. The properties or aspects are listed in alphabetical order and the descriptions used are intended to facilitate the search.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F330-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bird Impact Testing of Aerospace Transparent Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method shall be used for: bird impact testing of aircraft crew compartment transparencies and supporting structure to verify the design; compilation of test data for use in verification of future transparency and supporting structure design and analytical methods; and comparative evaluation of materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers conducting bird impact tests under a standard set of conditions by firing a packaged bird at a stationary aerospace transparency (windshield, canopy, or window) mounted in a support structure.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F520-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Environmental Resistance of Aerospace Transparencies to Artificially Induced Exposures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method, when applied to aerospace transparencies of either monolithic glass/plastic or laminated combinations, is a measure of the ability of the transparency to withstand the effects of artificially induced environments. The test applies to configurations employing electrically conductive coatings, and also to uncoated materials.  
4.2 The resistance of the transparent enclosure to environmental effects may vary appreciably depending on the size, geometry, material of construction, coating integrity, coating density, and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the effects of exposure to thermal shock, condensing humidity, and simulated weather on aerospace transparent enclosures.  
1.2 This test method is not recommended for quality control, nor is it intended to provide a correlation to actual service life.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exceptions—Certain inch-pound units are furnished in parentheses (not mandatory) and certain temperatures in Fahrenheit associated with other standards are also furnished.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F320-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hail Impact Resistance of Aerospace Transparent Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method shall be used to determine the hail impact resistance of windshields for acceptance, design, service, or research purposes. By using this method with the installed windshield angle and velocity of a specific aerospace vehicle, design allowables, criteria, and tolerances can be established for that vehicle's windshield.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the impact resistance of an aerospace transparent enclosure (windshield, canopy, window, lens cover, etc.), hereinafter called windshield, during hailstorm conditions using simulated hailstones consisting of ice balls molded under tightly controlled conditions. This test shall also be used to meet hail test or performance requirements that are specified by design or contract.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F428-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Glass Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Scratches exist on all glass surfaces. Often there are very fine scratches from cleaning operations that are not visible when looking through the glass. Visible scratches may be distracting to the observer looking through the transparency. Therefore, a procedure to define the severity of scratches is useful. A visual standard is used because it is not practical to measure the dimensions of the fine scratches in the scope of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the visual inspection of scratches on the glass surface of aerospace transparent enclosures.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F548-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Intensity of Scratches on Aerospace Transparent Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Scratches exist on all transparent plastic surfaces. Usually they are very fine scratches from cleaning operations that are not visible when looking through the plastic. Deeper scratches may result from careless cleaning or handling. While these may not be deep enough to affect the structural integrity of the part, their appearance in certain locations may be distracting to the observer looking through the plastic. Therefore, a procedure to define these scratches is useful.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the visual inspection of shallow or superficial scratches on the surface of aerospace transparent plastic materials.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F1362-18(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Shear Strength and Shear Modulus of Aerospace Glazing Interlayer Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The basic material properties obtained from this test method can be used in the control of the quality of interlayers, in the theoretical equations for designing laminated transparencies, and in the evaluation of new interlayers.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear strength and shear modulus of interlayer materials that are restrained by relatively high modulus plies in laminated transparencies. This test method can be used with single or multiple plies of the same interlayer materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F790-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is intended for use by material suppliers, aircraft transparent enclosure fabricators, air-frame manufacturers, government agencies, and others that may become involved in the testing of transparency components. These test methods provide data on both individual materials and material combinations commonly utilized in the fabrications of aerospace transparent enclosures comprised of monolithic plastic, coated monolithic plastic or laminated constructions containing plastics.  
3.2 Primary properties and their long term stability are critical to the performance of aerospace transparent enclosures. Property measurement tests define as-manufactured material properties of these materials. Aging procedures provide for exposure of parts or representative sections to environments that induce changes in material properties as determined in property measurement tests. Property measurement tests performed before and after aging exposure provide a means of estimating the potential usable life span of a transparency or to compare the durability of one material with another.  
3.3 When employing these test methods for comparison of materials for weathering effects the user should be aware that the many factors influencing degradation due to weathering vary from one location to another. For direct weathering comparisons, all material(s) shall undergo exposure conditions and property measurements testing at the same time.  
3.4 The test methods listed include those considered critical to the performance of aircraft transparent enclosures. Other test methods to evaluate materials shall also be performed where necessary. Additional test methods are in preparation and will be incorporated. The user is advised to employ the latest revision of any test method.  
3.5 The dominant component of all transparent enclosures is one, or more, rigid transparent sheet(s). The sheet(s) must permit the necessary visibility while providing structural integrity and protecting the ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to summarize the standard test methods available on individual and composite materials utilized in fabrication of aerospace plastic transparent enclosures. As such, it is intended to specifically include transparent thermoplastics, transparent elastomers, and reinforced plastics, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.  
1.2 This guide is intended as an aid in the search for test methods pertinent to Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures. It should be understood that all methods listed may not apply to all enclosures.  
1.3 The standards included refer to the properties or aspects listed in Table 1. The properties or aspects are listed in alphabetical order and the descriptions used are intended to facilitate the search.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F520-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Environmental Resistance of Aerospace Transparencies to Artificially Induced Exposures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method, when applied to aerospace transparencies of either monolithic glass/plastic or laminated combinations, is a measure of the ability of the transparency to withstand the effects of artificially induced environments. The test applies to configurations employing electrically conductive coatings, and also to uncoated materials.  
4.2 The resistance of the transparent enclosure to environmental effects may vary appreciably depending on the size, geometry, material of construction, coating integrity, coating density, and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the effects of exposure to thermal shock, condensing humidity, and simulated weather on aerospace transparent enclosures.  
1.2 This test method is not recommended for quality control, nor is it intended to provide a correlation to actual service life.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exceptions—Certain inch-pound units are furnished in parentheses (not mandatory) and certain temperatures in Fahrenheit associated with other standards are also furnished.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off