ASTM D5178-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
Standard Test Method for Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In some situations, marring of coatings applied to substrates under typical use conditions is unacceptable. This test method has been found useful in differentiating the degree of marring of coatings on substrates. It is most useful in providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in marring.
5.2 In a limited laboratory study, meaningful mar results were impossible when powder coatings were tested. The mar marking, that is, scratches, became less perceptible with time. Therefore, powder coatings may not be applicable coatings for this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mar resistance on smooth, flat surfaces. Results are expressed in terms of force-to-mar films of organic coatings such as paint, varnish, and lacquer when applied to smooth, flat planar panel surfaces.
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5178 − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products (Withdrawn
3
1992)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mar
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
resistance on smooth, flat surfaces. Results are expressed in
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
terms of force-to-mar films of organic coatings such as paint,
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
varnish, and lacquer when applied to smooth, flat planar panel
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
surfaces.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
ASTM Test Methods
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
information only and are not considered standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 mar resistance, n—the ability of a coating to resist
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
damage caused by light abrasion; it is a resistance of the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
surface of the coating to permanent deformation, resulting
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
from the application of a dynamic mechanical force.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Summary of Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 Thematerialsundertestareappliedatuniformthickness
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to flat panels of uniform surface texture. After drying/curing,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the mar resistance is determined by pushing the panels beneath
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
a loop stylus at a constant normal load. Increasing (decreasing)
loads are applied to the stylus until the coating is marred (not
2. Referenced Documents
marred).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
5.1 In some situations, marring of coatings applied to
Related Coating Products
substrates under typical use conditions is unacceptable. This
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
test method has been found useful in differentiating the degree
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
of marring of coatings on substrates. It is most useful in
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick- providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhib-
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
iting significant differences in marring.
D2691 Method for Microscopical Measurement of Dry Film
5.2 In a limited laboratory study, meaningful mar results
were impossible when powder coatings were tested. The mar
marking, that is, scratches, became less perceptible with time.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
Therefore, powder coatings may not be applicable coatings for
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
this test method.
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved June 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally
6. Apparatus
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D5178 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/D5178-21.
6.1 Application Equipment, as described in Practices D823.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5178 − 16 D5178 − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mar resistance on smooth, flat surfaces. Results are expressed in terms of
force-to-mar films of organic coatings such as paint, varnish, and lacquer when applied to smooth, flat planar panel surfaces.
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186D2691 Test Methods Method for NondestructiveMicroscopical Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic
3
Coatings Applied to a Ferrous BaseCoatings on Wood Products (Withdrawn 2006)1992)
D1400D7091 Test Method Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied
to Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a Nonferrous Metal BaseNon-Ferrous Metals
(Withdrawn 2006)
3
D2691 Method for Microscopical Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products (Withdrawn 1992)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016June 1, 2021. Published January 2017June 2021. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20132016 as
D5178 – 13.D5178 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D5178-16.10.1520/D5178-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5178 − 21
3.1.1 mar resistance, n—the ability of a coating to resist damage caused by light abrasion. As just defined, abrasion; it is a
resistance of the surface of the coating to permanent deformation, resulting from the application of a dynamic mechanical force.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The materials under test are applied at uniform thickness to flat panels of uniform surface texture. After drying/curing, the mar
resistance is determined by pushing the panels beneath a rounded stylus or loop that is loaded in increasing amounts loop stylus
at a constant normal load. Increasing (decreasing) loads are applied to the stylus until the coating is marred. marred (not marred).
5. Significance and Use
5.1 In some situations, marring of coatings applied to substrates under typical use cond
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.