ASTM D70-09e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)
Standard Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Values of density are used for converting volumes to units of mass, and for correcting measured volumes from the temperature of measurement to a standard temperature using Practice D 4311.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative density and density of semi-solid bituminous materials, asphalt cements, and soft tar pitches by use of a pycnometer.
Note 1—An alternate method for determining the density of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials is Test Method D 3289. For materials which are too fluid for use of this test method, use Test Method D 3142.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to the regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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´1
Designation: D70 − 09
Standard Test Method for
Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D70; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Values in Table 1 were editorially corrected in July 2009.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
density and density of semi-solid bituminous materials, asphalt 3.1.1 density—the mass per unit volume of a material.
cements, and soft tar pitches by use of a pycnometer.
3.1.2 relative density—the ratio of the mass of a given
volume of a material to the mass of the same volume of water
NOTE 1—An alternate method for determining the density of semi-solid
andsolidbituminousmaterialsisTestMethodD3289.Formaterialswhich
at the same temperature (see Note 2).
are too fluid for use of this test method, use Test Method D3142.
NOTE 2—Relative density is also described as specific gravity.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to the regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Summary of Test Method
only.
4.1 The sample is placed in a calibrated pycnometer. The
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
pycnometer and sample are weighed, then the remaining
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
volume is filled with water.The filled pycnometer is brought to
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
the test temperature, and weighed.The density of the sample is
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
calculatedfromitsmassandthemassofwaterdisplacedbythe
limitations prior to use.
sample in the filled pycnometer.
2. Referenced Documents
2
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
5.1 Values of density are used for converting volumes to
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
units of mass, and for correcting measured volumes from the
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
temperature of measurement to a standard temperature using
D3142 Test Method for Specific Gravity, API Gravity, or
Practice D4311.
Density of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer Method
D3289 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid and Solid
6. Apparatus
Bituminous Materials (Nickel Crucible Method)
6.1 Pycnometer, glass, consisting of a cylindrical or conical
D4311 Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correction
vessel carefully ground to receive an accurately fitting glass
to a Base Temperature
stopper 22 to 26 mm in diameter.The stopper shall be provided
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
with a hole 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter, centrally located in
2.2 Other:
reference to the vertical axis. The top surface of the stopper
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
shall be substantially plane and have no chips, and the lower
surface shall be concave to allow all air to escape through the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
bore.The height of the concave section shall be 4.0 to 18.0 mm
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 on
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
at the center. The stoppered pycnometer shall have a capacity
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2009.PublishedJune2009.Originallyapproved
of 24 to 30 mL and shall weigh not more than 40 g. Suitable
in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D70 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D0070-
pycnometers are illustrated in Fig. 1.
09E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 Water Bath, constant-temperature, capable of maintain-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ing the temperature within 0.1°C (0.2°F) of the test tempera-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ture.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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D70−09
FIG. 1 Suitable Pycnometers and Stopper
6.3 Thermometric device, calibrated liquid in glass, total method to ensure that the beaker does not tip over, while
immersion type, of suitable range with graduations at least making sure that circulation of the water in the conditioning
every 0.1°C (0.2°F)
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D70–08 Designation: D 70 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer
1
Method)
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD 70;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Values in Table 1 were editorially corrected in July 2009.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative density and density of semi-solid bituminous materials, asphalt
cements, and soft tar pitches by use of a pycnometer.
NOTE 1—An alternate method for determining the density of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials is Test Method D 3289. For materials which
are too fluid for use of this test method, use Test Method D 3142.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to the regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D 3142 Test Method for Specific Gravity, API Gravity, or Density of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer Method
D 3289 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid and Solid Bituminous Materials (Nickel Crucible Method)
D 4311 Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correction to a Base Temperature
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 Other:
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 density—the mass per unit volume of a material.
3.1.2 relative density—the ratio of the mass of a given volume of a material to the mass of the same volume of water at the
same temperature (see Note 2).
NOTE 2—Relative density is also described as specific gravity.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample is placed in a calibrated pycnometer. The pycnometer and sample are weighed, then the remaining volume is
filled with water. The filled pycnometer is brought to the test temperature, and weighed. The density of the sample is calculated
from its mass and the mass of water displaced by the sample in the filled pycnometer.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Values of density are used for converting volumes to units of mass, and for correcting measured volumes from the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 on
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
Current edition approved Jan.June 1, 2008.2009. Published January 2008.June 2009. Originally approved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D 70 – 038.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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D70–09
temperature of measurement to a standard temperature using Practice D 4311.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Pycnometer, glass, consisting of a cylindrical or conical vessel carefully ground to receive an accurately fitting glass stopper
22 to 26 mm in diameter. The stopper shall be provided with a hole 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter, centrally located in reference to
the vertical axis. The top surface of the stopper shall be substantially plane and have no chips, and the lower surface shall be
concave to allow all air to escape through the bore. The height of the concave section shall be 4.0 to 18.0 mm at the center. The
stopperedpycnometershallhaveacapacityof24to30mLandshallweighnotmorethan40g.Suitablepycnometersareillustrated
in Fig. 1.
6.2 Water Bath, constant-temperature, capable of maintaining the temperature within 0.1°C (0.2°F) of the test temperature.
6.3 T
...
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