ASTM F3093/F3093M-21
(Specification)Standard Specification for Aeroelasticity Requirements
Standard Specification for Aeroelasticity Requirements
ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and corresponding test methods for airplane aeroelasticity. It requires that the airplane be free from flutter, control reversal, and divergence for any condition of operation within the limit V-n (velocity versus load factor) envelope and at all speeds up to the speed specified for the selected method. In addition, adequate tolerances must be established for quantities which affect flutter, including speed, damping, mass balance, and control system stiffness. The natural frequencies of main structural components must be determined by vibration tests or other approved methods.
This specification also addresses flight flutter tests to be performed to show that the airplane is free from flutter, control reversal, and divergence; dynamic evaluation for turbopropeller-powered airplanes; and modifications to the type design that could affect the flutter characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the aeroelasticity requirements of the aeroplane. The material was developed through open consensus of international experts in general aviation. This information was created by focusing on Level 1, 2, 3, and 4 Normal Category aeroplanes. The content may be more broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the Applicant to substantiate broader applicability as a specific means of compliance. The topics covered within this document are: 2. Referenced Documents, 3. Terminology, 4. Flutter.
1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the acceptable use and application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this standard (in whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to the ASTM Committee F44 web page (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance described in this specification to the rules of EASA CS-23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23, amendment 64, or later.
1.3 Units—This document may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3093/F3093M −21
Standard Specification for
1
Aeroelasticity Requirements
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF3093/F3093M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This specification covers the aeroelasticity requirements
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
of the aeroplane. The material was developed through open
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
consensus of international experts in general aviation. This
information was created by focusing on Level 1, 2, 3, and 4
2. Referenced Documents
Normal Category aeroplanes. The content may be more
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the Applicant to
substantiate broader applicability as a specific means of com- F3061/F3061M Specification for Systems and Equipment in
Small Aircraft
pliance. The topics covered within this document are: 2.
Referenced Documents, 3. Terminology, 4. Flutter. F3115/F3115M Specification for Structural Durability for
Small Aeroplanes
1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as
F3120/F3120M Specification for Ice Protection for General
Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guid-
Aviation Aircraft
ance from their respective oversight authority (for example,
2.2 European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Stan-
published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the
3
dard:
acceptable use and application thereof. For information on
CS-23 Certification Specifications for Normal-Category
which oversight authorities have accepted this standard (in
Aeroplanes
whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to
4
their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to
2.3 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Documents:
the ASTM Committee F44 web page (www.astm.org/
14 CFR Part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category
COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Com-
Airplanes
pliance described in this specification to the rules of EASA
Airframe and Equipment Engineering Report No. 45 (as
CS-23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23,
corrected) “Simplified Flutter Prevention Criteria” 1955
amendment 64, or later.
3. Terminology
1.3 Units—Thisdocumentmaypresentinformationineither
SI units, English Engineering units, or both. The values stated
3.1 Definitions:
in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore,
3.1.1 GVT—ground vibration testing
to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
3.1.2 V-n—velocity versus load factor
used independently of the other, and values from the two
systems shall not be combined.
4. Flutter
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 It must be shown by the methods in 4.2, and either 4.3
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
or 4.4, that the aeroplane is free from flutter, control reversal,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and divergence for any condition of operation within the limit
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
V-n envelope and at all speeds up to the speed specified for the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
selected method. In addition:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF44onGeneral Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Aviation Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.30 on the ASTM website.
3
Structures. Available from European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), Konrad-
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally Adenauer-Ufer 3, D-50668 Cologne, Germany, https://www.easa.europa.eu/.
4
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as F3093/F3093M–20. Available from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 800 Independence
DOI: 10.1520/F3093_F3093M–21. Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20591, http://www.faa.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3093/F3093M − 20 F3093/F3093M − 21
Standard Specification for
1
Aeroelasticity Requirements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3093/F3093M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the aeroelasticity requirements of the aeroplane. The material was developed through open consensus
of international experts in general aviation. This information was created by focusing on Level 1, 2, 3, and 4 Normal Category
aeroplanes. The content may be more broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the Applicant to substantiate broader
applicability as a specific means of compliance. The topics covered within this document are: 2. Referenced Documents, 3.
Terminology, 4. Flutter.
1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from
their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the acceptable use and
application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this standard (in whole or in part) as an
acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to the ASTM Committee F44 web
page (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance described in this specification to the
rules of EASA CS-23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23, amendment 64, or later.
1.3 Units—This document may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F3061/F3061M Specification for Systems and Equipment in Small Aircraft
F3115/F3115M Specification for Structural Durability for Small Aeroplanes
F3120/F3120M Specification for Ice Protection for General Aviation Aircraft
3
2.2 European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Standard:
CS-23 Certification Specifications for Normal-Category Aeroplanes
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F44 on General Aviation Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.30 on Structures.
Current edition approved March 1, 2020May 1, 2021. Published March 2020May 2021. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as
F3093/F3093M–19.–20. DOI: 10.1520/F3093_F3093M–20.10.1520/F3093_F3093M–21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, D-50668 Cologne, Germany, https://www.easa.europa.eu/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F3093/F3093M − 21
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2.3 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Document:Documents:
14 CFR Part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Airplanes
Airframe and Equipment Engineering Report No. 45 (as corrected) “Simplified Flutter Prevention Criteria” 1955
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 GVT—ground vibration testing
3.1.2 V-n—velocity versus load factor
4. Flutter
4.1 It must be shown by the methods in 4.2, and either 4.3 or 4.4, that the aeroplane is free from flutter, control reversal, and
divergence for any condition
...
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