ASTM D5430-07(2011)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5430 − 07(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Methods for
Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5430; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 For all terminology related to Fabric Defects, refer to
Terminology D3990.
1.1 These test methods describe a procedure to establish a
numerical designation for grading of fabrics from a visual 3.3 For all other terms related to textiles, refer to Terminol-
inspection. ogy D123
1.2 These test methods may be used for the delivery and
4. Summary of Test Method
acceptance of fabrics with requirements mutually agreed upon
4.1 Rolls or bolts of fabric are visually inspected and
by the purchaser and the supplier.
individually graded at an examination station using an agreed
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
upon point system.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Fabric is normally inspected and graded on one side
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- only. Certain types of end use fabrics may be inspected and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
gradedonbothsidesasagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserand
supplier.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
5.1 Test Method D5430 is considered satisfactory for ac-
D3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
ceptance testing a commercial shipments since the method has
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
been used extensively in the trade for grading of fabric and
Methods
fabric acceptance determination.
2.2 ANSI Standards:
5.2 The penalty points obtained in grading the same rolls or
ANSI/ASQC Standard A1-1978 Definitions, Symbols,
bolts of fabric may vary considerably when using each of the
Formulas, and Tables for Control Charts
three options listed herein. For this reason, the same point
ANSI/ASQC Standard Z1.4-1981 Sampling Procedures and
assignment option should be used in cases of disagreement
Tables for Inspection by Attributes.
arising from differences of values reported by the purchaser
and the supplier.
3. Terminology
5.3 If there are differences of practical significance between
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59, Fabric Test
reported test results for two laboratories (or more), compara-
Methods, General, refer to Terminology D4850.
tive test should be performed to determine if there is a
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assis-
critical defect, defect, in inspection and grading, grade,
tance.As a minimum, ensure the test samples to be used are as
inspection, major defect, minor defect.
homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from
which the disparate test results ere obtained, and are randomly
assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
testresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusing
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test
a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen
Methods, General.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause
in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5430–07. DOI: 10.1520/
must be found and corrected, or future test results for that
D5430-07R11.
material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 6. Apparatus
the ASTM website.
6.1 A suitable fabric inspection machine providing a flat
AmericanSocietyforQualityControl,310W.WisconsinAve.,Milwaukee,WS
53203. viewing area and an interruptible speed controlled fabric
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5430 − 07 (2011)
rewind. Examination and grading are usually done with over- stoppedtogradewhennecessarytoaffirmmarginaldefectsand
head direct lighting. The inspection machine may be equipped defects may be flagged.
with the option of back lighting (transmitted) light providing
10.3 Inspect and grade the total length of each roll or bolt
the choice by prior agreement depending on the fabric end use.
sampled.
The overhead direct lighting source shall be mounted parallel
10.4 Detect and assign points to defects observed as agreed
to the viewing surface so as to illuminate with direct perpen-
upon in 9.1-9.4 using options A (10.6),B(10.7), or C (10.8).
dicular impinging light rays. The surface illumination level
shall be a minimum of 1075 lux (100 foot candles).
10.5 Assign points to the defects based upon their length
within the plane of the fabric according to one of the following
6.2 The lighting source should be cool white preheat rapid
options of assigning points, as agreed upon between the
startfluorescentlampshavingacorrelatedcolortemperatureof
purchaser and the supplier.
4100 to 4500 K with white reflectors and without baffles or
glues, or by agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
10.6 Point Assignment Option A:
Defect Length
7. Sampling
Greater Than Up to and Including Assigned
SI Units English Units SI Units English Units Points
7.1 Withshipmentswhichtotal1000morydorless,inspect
0mm 0 in. 75mm 3 in. 1
and grade the total number of rolls or bolts.
75 mm 3 in. 150 mm 6 in. 2
150 mm 6 in. 230 mm 9 in. 3
7.2 For shipments exceeding 1000 m or yd, select samples
230 mm 9 in. 4
as agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier. In the absence of
10.6.1 Assign no more than a total of 4 points to any one
such a specification, a reliable statistical sampling plan such as
linear metre or yard of fabric, regardless of the number or size
Practice D2903 or MIL-STD 105E may be used.
of the detected individual defects.
10.6.2 Assign 4 points to each consecutive linear metre or
8. Conditioning
yard in which a continuous running defect exceeds 230
8.1 No conditioning is required.
millimetres or 9 inches.
10.6.3 Assign 4 points to each linear metre or yard of fabric
9. Defects and Tolerances
where the useable width is less than the minimum specified.
9.1 The purchaser and the supplier shall agree on a list of
10.6.4 Assign 4 points to each seam or other full width
defects to be used in grading fabric. See 2.1 and 2.2 and Refs.
defect or seam if applicable.
1-7forpublicationsofvariouslistsoffabricdefectswhichmay
10.7 Point Assignment Option B:
be used.
Defect Length
9.1.1 The fabric defects listed shall be classified as either a
Greater Than Up to and Including Assigned
critical defect, major defect, or minor defect.
SI Units English Units SI Units English U
...