ASTM D2872-97

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Designation: D 2872 – 97
Standard Test Method for
Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling
Thin-Film Oven Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2872; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope asphalt condition as incorporated in the pavement. If the
mixing temperature differs appreciably from the 302°F
1.1 This test method is intended to measure the effect of
(150°C) level, more or less effect on properties will occur. This
heat and air on a moving film of semi-solid asphaltic materials.
test method also can be used to determine mass change, which
The effects of this treatment are determined from measure-
is a measure of asphalt volatility.
ments of the selected properties of the asphalt before and after
the test.
5. Apparatus
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5.1 Oven—This shall be a double-walled electrically heated
as the standard.
convection-type oven. Its inside dimensions shall be 15 in.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1 1
(381 mm) high, 19 in. (483 mm) wide, and 17 ⁄2 6 ⁄2 in. (445
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6 13 mm) deep (with the door closed). The door shall contain
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a symmetrically located window with dimensions of 12 to 13
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
in. (305 to 330 mm) wide by 8 to 9 in. (203 to 229 mm) high.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The window shall contain two sheets of heat-resistant glass
2. Referenced Documents separated by an air space. The window should permit an
unobstructed view of the interior of the oven. The top of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
upper heating element shall be 1 6 ⁄8 in. (25 6 3 mm) below
D 113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
the oven floor.
D 2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum
5.1.1 The oven shall be vented at the top and bottom. The
Capillary Viscometer
bottom vents shall be located symmetrically to supply incom-
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
ing air around the heating elements. They shall have an open
2 2
3. Summary of Test Method
area of 2.31 6 0.11 in. (15.0 6 0.7 cm ). The top vents shall
be symmetrically arranged in the upper part of the oven and
3.1 A moving film of asphaltic material is heated in an oven
2 2
have an open area of 1.45 6 0.07 in. (9.3 6 0.45 cm ).
for 85 min at 325°F (163°C). The effects of heat and air are
5.1.2 The oven shall have an air plenum covering the side
determined from changes in physical test values as measured
walls and ceiling. The air space shall be 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm) deep
before and after the oven treatment. An optional procedure is
from the walls and ceiling. At a midpoint in the width of the
provided for determining the change in sample mass.
oven, and 6 in. (152.4 mm) from the face of the circular metal
3.2 Precision values for this test method have been devel-
carriage to its axis, a squirrel cage-type fan 5 ⁄4 in. (133 mm)
oped for viscosity at 140°F (60°C); and ductility at 60°
OD by 2 ⁄8 in. (73 mm) wide shall be turned at 1725 rpm by an
(15.6°C).
externally mounted motor. The squirrel cage fan shall be set so
4. Significance and Use
that the fan turns in an opposite direction to its vanes. The air
flow characteristics of the fan-plenum system shall be suction
4.1 This test method indicates approximate change in prop-
from the floor of the oven through the wall plenums and
erties of asphalt during conventional hot-mixing at about
exhaust of the air through the fan. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show
302°F (150°C) as indicated by viscosity and other rheological
details of this plenum system.
measurements. It yields a residue which approximates the
5.1.3 The oven shall be equipped with a proportional
control thermostat capable of maintaining 325°F (163°C)
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road
temperature within 6 1.0°F (60.5°C). The sensing element of
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.46 on
the thermostat shall be placed 1 in. (25.4 mm) from the left side
Durability and Distillation Tests.
Current edition approved April 10, 1997. Published April 1998. Originally
e1
published as D2872 – 70. Last previous edition D2872 – 88 (1995) .
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. Complete equipment may be obtained from James Cox and Sons Inc., P.O. Box
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. 674, Colfax, CA 95713.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2872
FIG. 1 Schematic of Air Flow Front View
and approximately 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm) from the ceiling of the 5.1.5 The oven shall be equipped with an air jet positioned
interior of the plenum-enclosed oven so that the end of the
to blow heated air into each bottle at its lowest point of travel.
sensing element is at a point approximately 8 in. (203.2 mm)
The air jet shall have an outlet orifice 0.04 in. (1.016 mm) in
from the rear interior wall of the oven. The thermometer shall
diameter (No. 60 drill) connected to a 25-ft (7.6-m) length of
be hung or affixed to a mounting in the ceiling which is 2 in.
⁄16-in. (8-mm) outside diameter refrigeration copper tubing.
(50.8 mm) from the right side of the oven at a midpoint in the
This tubing shall be coiled to lie flat on the bottom of the oven
depth of the oven. The thermometer shall hang down into the
and lead to a source of fresh, dried, dust-free regulated air.
oven so that the bulb of the thermometer is within 1 in. of an
NOTE 1—Activated silica gel treated with an indicator is a satisfactory
imaginary line level with the shaft of the circular metal
desiccant for the dried air.
carriage. The heating controls shall be capable of bringing the
fully loaded oven back to the test temperature within a 10-min
5.2 Flowmeter—The flowmeter may be any suitable type
period after insertion of the samples in a preheated oven.
capable of accurately measuring the airflow at a rate of 4000
5.1.4 The oven shall be provided within a 12-in. (304.8-
mL/min. The flowmeter shall be located downstream of all
mm) diameter, vertical circular carriage (see Fig. 2 for details).
regulating devices and upstream of the copper coil. The
This carriage shall be provided with suitable openings and clips
flowmeter shall be positioned so it is maintained at approxi-
for firmly holding eight glass containers in a horizontal
mately room temperature. The airflow shall be calibrated
position (see Fig. 3). The vertical carriage shall be mechani-
periodically using a wet-test meter or other displacement
cally driven through a ⁄4-in. (19-mm) diameter shaft at a speed
of 156 0.2 r/min.
D 2872
FIG. 2 Circular Metal Carriage
method. This calibration shall be based on airflow exiting the
air jet and shall be conducted with the oven off and at room
temperature.
5.3 Thermometer—This shall be an ASTM Loss on Heat
Thermometer conforming to the requirements for Thermom-
eter 13C as prescribed in Specification E 1. This thermometer
shall be used to make all temperature measurements required
by this test method.
5.4 Container—The container in which the sample is to be
tested shall be of heat-resistant glass conforming to the
dimensions shown in Fig. 3.
5.5 Cooling Rack—A wire or sheet metal rack, constructed
of stainless steel or aluminum, which allows the sample
containers to cool in a horizontal position, with each container
in the same horizontal plane. The rack shall be constructed in
a way that allows air to flow freely around each container with
at least 1 in. (2.5 cm) clearance between containers and at least
1 in. (2.5 cm) clearance between the containers and any solid
surface.
6. Preparation of Oven
6.1 Position the air outlet orifice so that it is ⁄4 in. (6.35
mm) from the opening of the glass container. The orifice shall
also be so positioned that the jet blows horizontally into the
FIG. 3 Sample Bottle
central arc of the opening of the circling glass container.
D 2872
6.2 Position the thermome
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