ASTM D4280-04

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Designation: D 4280 – 04
Standard Specification for
Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised Retroreflective
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Pavement Markers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum
Capillary Viscometer
1.1 This specification covers nonplowable, retroreflective
D2172 Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Bitu-
raised pavement markers for nighttime lane marking and
men from Bituminous Paving Mixtures
delineation.
D2669 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Petroleum
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Waxes Compounded with Additives (Hot Melts)
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D4402 TestMethodforViscosityDeterminationofAsphalt
only.
at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
D5329 TestMethodsforSealantsandFillers,Hot-Applied,
test methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: This
for Joints and Cracks in Asphaltic and Portland Cement
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Concrete Pavements
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
ASTM Test Methods
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
E284 Terminology of Appearance
tions prior to use.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
2. Referenced Documents Determine the Precision of a Test Method
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E808 Practice for Describing Retroreflection
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E809 Practice for Measuring Photometric Characteristics
C184 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
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of Retroreflectors
the 150-µm (No. 100) and 75-µm (No. 200) Sieves
E811 Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics
C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
the 45-µm (No. 325) Sieve
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2.2 Federal Specifications:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
TT-T-291 Thinner, Paint, Mineral Spirits, Regular and
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-
Odorless
and-Ball Apparatus)
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2.3 AASHTO Standards:
D70 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Density of
AASHTOM237 EpoxyResinAdhesiveforBondingTraffic
Semi–Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)
Markers to Hardened Concrete
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Open Cup Tester
3. Terminology
D1754 TestMethodforEffectofHeatandAironAsphaltic
3.1 Definitions:
Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
3.1.1 cleanability—the ability of a raised retroreflective
D1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plas-
marker to keep its optical surfaces clean under traffic and
tic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
environmental conditions.
D1856 TestMethodforRecoveryofAsphaltfromSolution
3.1.2 coeffıcient of luminous intensity, R—the ratio of the
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by Abson Method
luminous intensity (I) of the retroreflector in the direction of
observation to the illuminance (E) at the retroreflector on a
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This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road
plane perpendicular to the direction of the incident light,
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.38 on
expressed in candelas per lux (cd/lx) (see Practice E808 and
Highway Traffic Control Materials.
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved
Terminology E284).
in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4280–03.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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the ASTM website. Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
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Withdrawn. Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4280–04
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Whenvaluesarelow,thecoefficientof 5.1.5 Flexural strength, if needed.
(retroreflected) luminous intensity may be given in millican-
NOTE 1—Flexuralstrengthisnotcriticalwhenapplicationistoportland
delas per lux. In inch-pound units, R is given in candelas per
I
cementconcretepavement,butiscriticalwhena
...