ASTM C1609/C1609M-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam With Third-Point Loading)
Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam With Third-Point Loading)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The first-peak strength characterizes the flexural behavior of the fiber-reinforced concrete up to the onset of cracking, while residual strengths at specified deflections characterize the residual capacity after cracking. Specimen toughness is a measure of the energy absorption capacity of the test specimen. The appropriateness of each parameter depends on the nature of the proposed application and the level of acceptable cracking and deflection serviceability. Fiber-reinforced concrete is influenced in different ways by the amount and type of fibers in the concrete. In some cases, fibers may increase the residual load and toughness capacity at specified deflections while producing a first-peak strength equal to or only slightly greater than the flexural strength of the concrete without fibers. In other cases, fibers may significantly increase the first-peak and peak strengths while affecting a relatively small increase in residual load capacity and specimen toughness at specified deflections.
5.2 The first-peak strength, peak strength, and residual strengths determined by this test method reflect the behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete under static flexural loading. The absolute values of energy absorption obtained in this test are of little direct relevance to the performance of fiber-reinforced concrete structures since they depend directly on the size and shape of the specimen and the loading arrangement.
5.3 The results of this test method may be used for comparing the performance of various fiber-reinforced concrete mixtures or in research and development work. They may also be used to monitor concrete quality, to verify compliance with construction specifications, obtain flexural strength data on fiber-reinforced concrete members subject to pure bending, or to evaluate the quality of concrete in service.
5.4 The results of this standard test method are dependent on the size of the specimen.Note 5—The results obtained using one size molded spec...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the flexural performance of fiber-reinforced concrete using parameters derived from the load-deflection curve obtained by testing a simply supported beam under third-point loading using a closed-loop, servo-controlled testing system.
1.2 This test method provides for the determination of first-peak and peak loads and the corresponding stresses calculated by inserting them in the formula for modulus of rupture given in Eq 1. It also requires determination of residual loads at specified deflections, the corresponding residual strengths calculated by inserting them in the formula for modulus of rupture given in Eq 1 (see Note 1). It provides for determination of specimen toughness based on the area under the load-deflection curve up to a prescribed deflection (see Note 2) and the corresponding equivalent flexural strength ratio.Note 1—Residual strength is not a true stress but an engineering stress computed using simple engineering bending theory for linear elastic materials and gross (uncracked) section properties.Note 2—Specimen toughness expressed in terms of the area under the load-deflection curve is an indication of the energy absorption capability of the particular test specimen, and its magnitude depends directly on the geometry of the test specimen and the loading configuration.
1.3 This test method utilizes two preferred specimen sizes of 100 by 100 by 350 mm [4 by 4 by 14 in.] tested on a 300 mm [12 in.] span, or 150 by 150 by 500 mm [6 by 6 by 20 in.] tested on a 450 mm [18 in.] span. A specimen size different from the two preferred specimen sizes is permissible.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the ...
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Designation: C1609/C1609M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using
1
Beam With Third-Point Loading)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1609/C1609M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method evaluates the flexural performance of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fiber-reinforced concrete using parameters derived from the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
load-deflection curve obtained by testing a simply supported
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
beam under third-point loading using a closed-loop, servo-
controlled testing system.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 This test method provides for the determination of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
first-peak and peak loads and the corresponding stresses
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
calculated by inserting them in the formula for modulus of
Specimens in the Field
rupture given in Eq 1. It also requires determination of residual
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
loads at specified deflections, the corresponding residual
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
strengths calculated by inserting them in the formula for
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
modulus of rupture given in Eq 1 (see Note 1). It provides for
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
determination of specimen toughness based on the area under
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
the load-deflection curve up to a prescribed deflection (see
gregates
Note 2) and the corresponding equivalent flexural strength
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
ratio.
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
NOTE 1—Residual strength is not a true stress but an engineering stress
Specimens in the Laboratory
computed using simple engineering bending theory for linear elastic
materials and gross (uncracked) section properties. C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened
NOTE 2—Specimen toughness expressed in terms of the area under the
Concrete in Constructions
load-deflection curve is an indication of the energy absorption capability
C1140 Practice for Preparing and Testing Specimens from
of the particular test specimen, and its magnitude depends directly on the
Shotcrete Test Panels
geometry of the test specimen and the loading configuration.
1.3 This test method utilizes two preferred specimen sizes
3. Terminology
of100by100by350mm[4by4by14in.]testedona300mm
3.1 Definitions—The terms used in this test method are
[12 in.] span, or 150 by 150 by 500 mm [6 by 6 by 20 in.]
defined in Terminology C125.
tested on a 450 mm [18 in.] span. A specimen size different
from the two preferred specimen sizes is permissible.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 end-point deflection, n—the deflection value on the
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
1
load-deflection curve equal to ⁄150 of the span length, or a
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
larger value as specified at the option of the specifier of tests.
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
3.2.2 first-peak load, P ,n—the load value at the first point
1
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
on the load-deflection curve where the slope is zero.
conformance with the standard.
3.2.3 first-peak deflection, δ ,n—the net deflection value on
1
the load-deflection curve at first-peak load.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C09.42 on Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1609/C1609M – 10. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C1609_C1609M-12. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C1609/C1609M − 12
3.2.4 firs
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1609/C1609M − 10 C1609/C1609M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using
1
Beam With Third-Point Loading)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1609/C1609M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method evaluates the flexural performance of fiber-reinforced concrete using parameters derived from the
load-deflection curve obtained by testing a simply supported beam under third-point loading using a closed-loop, servo-controlled
testing system.
1.2 This test method provides for the determination of first-peak and peak loads and the corresponding stresses calculated by
inserting them in the formula for modulus of rupture given in Eq 1. It also requires determination of residual loads at specified
deflections, the corresponding residual strengths calculated by inserting them in the formula for modulus of rupture given in Eq
1 (see Note 1). It provides for determination of specimen toughness based on the area under the load-deflection curve up to a
prescribed deflection (see Note 2) and the corresponding equivalent flexural strength ratio.
NOTE 1—Residual strength is not a true stress but an engineering stress computed using simple engineering bending theory for linear elastic materials
and gross (uncracked) section properties.
NOTE 2—Specimen toughness expressed in terms of the area under the load-deflection curve is an indication of the energy absorption capability of the
particular test specimen, and its magnitude depends directly on the geometry of the test specimen and the loading configuration.
1.3 This test method utilizes two preferred specimen sizes of 100 by 100 by 350 mm [4 by 4 by 14 in.] tested on a 300 mm
[12 in.] span, or 150 by 150 by 500 mm [6 by 6 by 20 in.] tested on a 450 mm [18 in.] span. A specimen size different from the
two preferred specimen sizes is permissible.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened Concrete in Constructions
C1140 Practice for Preparing and Testing Specimens from Shotcrete Test Panels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The terms used in this test method are defined in Terminology C125.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.42 on
Fiber-Reinforced Concrete.
Current edition approved March 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2012. Published April 2010January 2013. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
C1609/C1609M–07.–10. DOI: 10.1520/C1609_C1609M-10.10.1520/C1609_C1609M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1609/C1609M − 12
1
3.2.1 end-point deflection, n—the deflection
...
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