ASTM F1359/F1359M-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under a Shower Spray While on a Manikin
Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under a Shower Spray While on a Manikin
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the ability of the construction and configuration of protective clothing or protective ensembles to resist liquid penetration. In most cases, the conditions used in this test method will not represent actual end-use conditions.
5.2 Two different spray configurations are used for exposing the protective clothing or protective ensemble on a manikin.
5.2.1 Procedure A involves five shower nozzles with one nozzle directly above the clothed manikin and two nozzles each to upper and lower sides of the manikin that are all positioned in the same vertical plane. This spray configuration is intended to provide a full exposure of the entire protective clothing or protective ensemble system.
5.2.2 Procedure B involves three shower nozzles that are positioned at different heights on a vertical line that is parallel to the manikin with the locations and direction of each nozzle set with respect to targets on the manikin. This spray configuration is intended to provide a direct assessment of garment features such as the front closure.
5.3 The selected duration of the test is not intended to simulate user exposure to splashes of liquid substances but rather to provide sufficient time for enough liquid to penetrate to make visual detection easier. The default liquid exposure time for Procedure A is 20 min. The default liquid exposure time for Procedure B is 10 min.
5.3.1 It is permissible to specify shorter test durations. It is recommended that the duration of exposure be the same in each manikin orientation.
5.3.2 The choice of different test duration is partly based on the number of layers in the specimen being tested, some of which serve to absorb the surfactant-treated test liquid and result in attenuating the severity of the liquid challenge to the specimen.
5.4 A nontoxic, non-foaming surfactant is added to water for this test method to simulate liquids of lower surface tensions. Liquids of specific interest can be simulate...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of protective clothing or protective ensembles to resist liquid penetration in the form of a shower spray with surfactant-treated water.
1.2 This test method measures the liquid penetration resistance of the construction and configuration of the overall protective clothing or protective ensemble, but especially of seams, closures, and interfaces with other components such as gloves, boots, hoods, and respiratory protective equipment. It is intended that this test method be used to assess the liquid penetration resistance of protective clothing and protective ensembles as received from the manufacturer and worn in accordance with their instructions.
1.3 Resistance of materials used in protective clothing to permeation or penetration can be determined in accordance with Test Method F739 (or Test Method F1383 or Test Method F1407) and Test Method F903, respectively. Alternatively, resistance of materials used in protective clothing to penetration by synthetic blood or liquids containing virus can be determined in accordance with Test Method F1670 and Test Method F1671.
1.4 The integrity of vapor protective ensembles is measured by its ability to maintain positive internal pressure with Test Method F1052.
1.5 The values in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1359/F1359M − 16
StandardTest Method for
Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or
Protective Ensembles Under a Shower Spray While on a
1
Manikin
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1359/F1359M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Personnel in industry and emergency response can be exposed to numerous liquids capable of
causing harm upon contact with the human body. These liquids may include chemicals, contaminated
blood or body fluids, and other hazardous liquids. The deleterious effects of different chemicals can
range from acute trauma such as skin irritation and burn, to chronic degenerative disease such as
cancer.Biological-basedhazardliquidsmayincludevariousliquidbornepathogenscapableofcausing
infection directly or with non-intact skin. Since engineering controls cannot eliminate all possible
exposures, attention is often placed on reducing the potential for direct skin contact through the use
of protective clothing.
Protective clothing is available in a variety of constructions, configurations, and materials, and is
designed to provide various levels of protection against many hazards. Protective clothing offering the
highest level of chemical protection is constructed to prevent any contact of solid, liquid, or gaseous
chemicals with the wearer. Test Method F1052 evaluates the integrity and construction of the vapor
protective ensembles by way of an internal pressure test. In some applications, protective clothing
need only isolate the wearer from splashes of liquids. This test method evaluates the integrity of the
construction and configuration of liquid-penetration-resistant protective clothing or protective
ensembles with a shower spray test.
Resistance of materials used in protective clothing to chemical permeation should be evaluated by
Test Method F739 for continuous contact and Test Method F1383 for intermittent contact (that is,
splash), or by Test Method F1407 using the permeation cup method. Resistance of protective clothing
materials to liquid penetration should be determined by Test Method F903. Resistance of protective
clothingmaterialsspecificallytobloodandotherpotentiallyinfectiousmaterialsshouldbedetermined
by Test Method F1670 and Test Method F1671.
1. Scope intended that this test method be used to assess the liquid
penetration resistance of protective clothing and protective
1.1 This test method measures the ability of protective
ensembles as received from the manufacturer and worn in
clothing or protective ensembles to resist liquid penetration in
accordance with their instructions.
the form of a shower spray with surfactant-treated water.
1.2 This test method measures the liquid penetration resis- 1.3 Resistance of materials used in protective clothing to
tance of the construction and configuration of the overall
permeation or penetration can be determined in accordance
protective clothing or protective ensemble, but especially of
with Test Method F739 (or Test Method F1383 or Test Method
seams, closures, and interfaces with other components such as
F1407) and Test Method F903, respectively. Alternatively,
gloves,boots,hoods,andrespiratoryprotectiveequipment.Itis
resistance of materials used in protective clothing to penetra-
tion by synthetic blood or liquids containing virus can be
determined in accordance with Test Method F1670 and Test
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF23onPersonal
Method F1671.
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.30 on Chemicals.
1.4 The integrity of vapor protective ensembles is measured
Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally
by its ability to maintain positive internal pressure with Test
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F1359 - 13. DOI:
10.1520/F1359-16. Method F1052.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1359/F1359M − 16
1.5 The values in SI units or in other units shall be regarded 3.1.3.1 Discussion—Voids include gaps, pores, holes, and
separately as standard. The values stated in each system must imperfections in closures, seams, interfaces and protective
be used independently of the other, without combining values clothing materials. Penetration does not require a change of
in any way. state; solid chemicals move through voids in materials as
solids, liquids as liquids and gases as gases. Penetration is a
1.6 This standard does
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1359/F1359M − 13 F1359/F1359M − 16
Standard Test Method for
Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or
Protective Ensembles Under a Shower Spray While on a
1
MannequinManikin
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1359/F1359M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Personnel in industry and emergency response can be exposed to numerous chemicalsliquids
capable of causing harm upon contact with the human body. These liquids may include chemicals,
contaminated blood or body fluids, and other hazardous liquids. The deleterious effects of
thesedifferent chemicals can range from acute trauma such as skin irritation and burn, to chronic
degenerative disease such as cancer. Biological-based hazard liquids may include various liquidborne
pathogens capable of causing infection directly or with non-intact skin. Since engineering controls
cannot eliminate all possible exposures, attention is often placed on reducing the potential for direct
skin contact through the use of protective clothing.
Protective clothing is available in a variety of constructions, configurations, and materials, and is
designed to provide various levels of protection against many hazards. Protective clothing offering the
highest level of chemical protection is constructed to prevent any contact of solid, liquid, or gaseous
chemicals with the wearer. Test Method F1052 evaluates the integrity and construction of the vapor
protective ensembles by way of an internal pressure test. In some applications, chemical protective
clothing need only isolate the wearer from splashes of liquids. This test method evaluates the integrity
of the construction and configuration of liquid-penetration-resistant protective clothing or protective
ensembles with a shower-spray shower spray test.
Resistance of materials used in protective clothing to chemical permeation should be evaluated by
Test Method F739 for continuous contact and Test Method F1383 for intermittent contact (that is,
splash), or by Test Method F1407 using the permeation cup method. Resistance of protective clothing
materials to liquid penetration should be determined by Test Method F903. Resistance of protective
clothing materials specifically to blood and other potentially infectious materials should be determined
by Test Method F1670 and Test Method F1671.
Physical properties of materials used in the construction of protective clothing can be determined
using a variety of test methods including, Test Methods D751 for dimensions, weight, breaking
strength, elongation, burst, tear resistance, and hydrostatic resistance; Test Method D2582 for puncture
propagation tear resistance; Test Method D4157 for abrasion resistance; Test Method F392 for flexural
fatigue; Test Method F1358 for flammability, as well as many others.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method measures the ability of protective clothing or protective ensembles to resist liquid penetration in the form
of a shower spray with surfactant-treated water.
1.2 This test method measures the liquid penetration resistance of the construction and configuration of the overall protective
clothing or protective ensemble, but especially of seams, closures, and interfaces with other components such as gloves, boots,
hoods, and respiratory protective equipment. It is intended that this test method be used to assess the liquid penetration resistance
of protective clothing and protective ensembles as received from the manufacturer and worn in accordance with their instructions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.30 on Chemicals.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2013March 1, 2016. Published February 2013March 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20072013
as F1359 - 07F1359 - 13. DOI: 10.1520/F1359-13.10.1520/F1359-16.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1359/F1359M − 16
1.3 Resistance of materials used in protective clothing to permeation or penetration can be determined in accordance with Test
MethodsMethod F739 (or Test Method F
...
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