ASTM E1862-14(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1862 −14 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Practice for
Measuring and Compensating for Reflected Temperature
Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1862; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 infrared reflector, n—a material with a reflectance as
close as possible to 1.00.
1.1 This practice covers procedures for measuring and
3.1.3 infrared thermographer, n—the person using an infra-
compensating for reflected temperature when measuring the
red imaging radiometer.
surface temperature of a specimen with an infrared imaging
radiometer.
3.1.4 reflected temperature, n—the temperature of the en-
ergy incident upon and reflected from the measurement surface
1.2 These procedures may involve use of equipment and
of a specimen.
materials in the presence of heated or electrically energized
equipment, or both.
3.1.5 specular reflector, n—a surface that produces a direct
image of a reflected source.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 See also Terminology E1316.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 4. Summary of Procedure
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Two procedures are given for measuring the reflected
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
temperature of a specimen, the Reflector Method and the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Direct Method.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 Aprocedure is also given for compensating for the error
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
produced by reflected temperature using the computer built
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
into an infrared imaging radiometer.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The infrared energy that is reflected by a specimen can
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cause measurement errors for an infrared thermographer mea-
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
suringitssurfacetemperature.Twoproceduresareprovidedfor
measuring and compensating for this reflected temperature
3. Terminology
error source, the Reflector Method and the Direct Method.
3.1 Definitions:
5.2 These procedures can be used in the field or laboratory
3.1.1 diffuse reflector, n—a surface that produces a diffuse
using commonly available materials.
image of a reflected source.
5.3 These procedures can be used with any infrared radi-
ometers that have the required computer capabilities.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
5.4 Due to the nature of the specimens, the repeatability and
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.10 on
reproducibility are subjective. However, a measure of the
Specialized NDT Methods.
precision of the procedures can be inferred from the results of
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally
the replicate procedures specified in 8.1.6 and 8.2.7.
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E1862 – 14(2018).
DOI:10.1520/E1862-14R22.
This practice was originally adapted in 1997, by agreement, from the Guideline
6. Interferences
for Measuring and Compensating for Reflected Temperature, Emittance and
6.1 Reflector Method:
Transmittance developed by Infraspection Institute, 425 Ellis Street, Burlington, NJ
08016.
6.1.1 This procedure uses an infrared reflector with an
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
assumed reflectance of 1.00, which is an ideal property. Errors
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
can be minimized by using a reflector having a reflectance as
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. close as possible to 1.00.
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E1862 − 14 (2022)
FIG. 1 Reflector Method
6.1.2 Specimens vary in that they can be diffuse or spectral 8.1.2 Place the infrared imaging radiometer on the tripod or
reflectors, or both. Use of an infrared reflector with reflectance support device at the desired location and distance from the
properties as close as possible to those of the specimen will specimen.
reduce errors. 8.1.3 Point the infrared imaging radiometer at the specimen
and focus on the portion of the specimen where the reflected
6.2 Direct Method:
temperature is to be measured.
6.2.1 The Direct Method usually does not account for the
8.1.4 Place the infrared reflector in front of, and parallel to,
heat from the infrared thermographer’s body as a source of
the specimen (see Fig. 1). Maintain a safe working distance
reflected temperature. If this heat source creates a significant
error, use the Reflector Method.
6.3 Reflected temper
...