ASTM D3134-97

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Designation:D3134–97
Standard Practice for
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Establishing Color and Gloss Tolerances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3134; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Permissible color and gloss deviations from a standard are generally dependent upon the color
discrimination of the observer, on the lighting and surround in which the material is viewed, and on
special considerations related to the design, manufacture, and practical usage of the colored material
or object. The tolerances, therefore, may be influenced by economic, technical, psychological, and
practical requirements. In many circumstances, acceptability of color and gloss deviations from a
standard may differ appreciably from the perceptibility of deviations such as on-tone fading
preferences, large tolerances for luminance variation, nongreen bias, or nonyellow bias. With proper
allowances, perceptibility data can be used as an aid to develop permissible tolerances. Finally, the
sum of all these considerations should result in a specification acceptable to both buyer and seller.
1. Scope D 3964 Practice for the Selection of Coating Specimens for
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Appearance Measurement
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for establishing
D 4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differ-
tolerancesandevaluatingthecolorandglossofspecimenswith
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ences Between Surfaces of Similar Appearance
respect to specified standards. This practice is appropriate for
D 5531 Guide for the Preparation, Maintenance, and Distri-
nonfluorescent opaque specimens.
bution of Physical Product Standards for Color and Geo-
1.2 This practice does not indicate the extent of tolerances,
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metric Appearance of Coatings
but gives guidance on how they can be set. For product
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E 284 Terminology of Appearance
specification, the tolerances between specimens and the speci-
E 308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by
fiedstandardshouldbeagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserand
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Using the CIE System
the seller.
E 312 Practice for Description and Selection of Conditions
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
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for Photographing Specimens
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E 805 PracticeforIdentificationofInstrumentalMethodsof
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
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Color and Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E 1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrophotometric Data for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Object-Color Evaluation
2. Referenced Documents
E 1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
2
Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
2.1 ASTM Standards:
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D 523 Test Method for Specular Gloss E 1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of
D 1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell Sys- Color Measurements by the Use of Multiple Measure-
2 2
ments
tem
D 1729 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Color Differences E 1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
2 2
Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional Geometry
of Opaque Materials
D 2244 Test Method for Calculation of Color Differences E 1360 Practice for Specifying Color Using the Optical
2 2
Society of America Uniform Color Scales System
from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
E 1499 Guide to the Selection, Evaluation, and Training of
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Observers
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E 1541 Practice for Specifying and Matching Color Using
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12.11 on Visual
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Methods and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E-12 on Appearance of
the Colorcurve System
Materials.
E 1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 1997. Published September 1997. Originally
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Appearance Data
published as D 3134 – 72 T. Last previous edition D 3134 – 89.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3134
2.2 CIE Publication: texture orientation during measurement.) The variability of the
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No. 15.2 Colorimetry 2nd ed. measurements due to texture may be reduced by following the
recommendations outlined in Practice E 1345.
3. Terminology
7.1.1.2 Visual Color Assessment—Use Guide E 1499 to
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to this
select an observer for the assessment. Assess and specify the
practice see Terminology E 284.
color in terms of a color system described in Practic
...