ASTM D946/D946M-15

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Designation: D946/D946M − 09a D946/D946M − 15
Standard Specification for
Penetration-Graded Asphalt CementBinder for Use in
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Pavement Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D946/D946M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers asphalt cementbinder for use in the construction of pavements.
NOTE 1—For asphalt binders graded by viscosity at 60°C, see Specification D3381. For performance-graded asphalt binder, see Specification D6373.
1.2 This specification covers the following penetration grades:
40–50, 120–150, and
60–70, 200–300.
85–100,
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphaltic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D3381 Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction
D6373 Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in N-Propyl Bromide
3. Manufacture
3.1 Asphalt cementbinder shall be prepared by the refining of crude petroleum by suitable methods.
4. Properties
4.1 The asphalt cementbinder shall be homogeneous and shall not foam when heated to 175°C [350°F].
4.2 The asphalt cementbinder shall conform to the requirements given in Table 1 or Table 2, as specified by the purchaser. If
no table is specified, the default shall be Table 1. Table 2 requirements limit the temperature susceptibility of asphalt over Table
1 requirements. Asphalts Asphalt binders that meet Table 2 requirements will also meet Table 1 requirements of the same grade.
5. Methods of Sampling and Testing
5.1 The material shall be sampled and the properties enumerated in this specification shall be determined in accordance with
the following ASTM methods:
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on Asphalt
Specifications.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009Dec. 1, 2015. Published January 2010January 2016. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
D946 – 09.D946/D946M – 09a. DOI: 10.1520/D0946_D0946M-09A.10.1520/D0946_D0946M-15.
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volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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D946/D946M − 15
TABLE 1 Requirements for Penetration-Graded Asphalt CementBinder for Use in Pavement Construction
Penetration Grade
40–50 60–70 85–100 120–150 200–300
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Penetration at 25°C [77°F], 100 g, 5 s 40 50 60 70 85 100 120 150 200 300
Flash point, °C [°F] (Cleveland open cup) 230 [450] . 230 [450] . 230 [450] . 220 [425] . 175 [350] .
A
Ductility at 25°C [77°F], 5 cm/min, cm 100 . 100 . 100 . 100 . 100 .
Solubility in trichloroethylene, % 99.0 . 99.0 . 99.0 . 99.0 . 99.0 .
B
Solubility, % 99.0 . 99.0 . 99.0 . 99.0 . 99.0 .
Retained penetration after thin-film oven test, % 55 + . 52 + . 47 + . 42 + . 37 + .
A
Ductility at 25°C [77°F], 5 cm/min, cm after thin-film . . 50 . 75 . 100 . 100 .
oven test test
A
Ductility at 25°C [77°F], 5 cm/min, cm after thin-film . . 50 . 75 . 100 . 100 .
oven test
A
If ductility at 25°C [77°F] is less than 100 cm, material will be accepted if d
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