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ASTM D4792-99

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration Reactions

Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration Reactions

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of potential volume expansion of dense graded compacted aggregates that contain components susceptible to hydration and consequent volume increase, such as the free calcium and magnesium oxides that occur in some industrial by-products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-2000
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.51 - Aggregate Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Replaced By
ASTM D4792-00 - Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration Reactions
Effective Date
10-Dec-2000

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ASTM D4792-99 - Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration ReactionsASTM D4792-99 - Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration Reactions
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ASTM D4792-99 - Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration Reactions
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4792 – 99
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Potential Expansion of Aggregates from Hydration
Reactions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4792; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of potential 4.1 This test method provides a procedure for determining
volume expansion of dense graded compacted aggregates that the compliance of steel slags and other materials with specifi-
contain components susceptible to hydration and consequent cations, such as Specification D 2940, that limit permissible
volume increase, such as the free calcium and magnesium expansion of base and subbase aggregates containing compo-
oxides that occur in some industrial by-products. nents subject to hydration.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 4.2 This test method can also be used to evaluate the
standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for informa- effectiveness of aging or other treatments for reducing the
tion purposes only. expansive potential of such materials.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.3 Test results have not been correlated with field perfor-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the mance, and values obtained do not necessarily indicate expan-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- sion that may occur in service conditions.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Molds, Spacer Disks, Expansion Measuring Apparatus,
2. Referenced Documents
Stainless Steel Weights, and Dial Gages conforming to the
2.1 ASTM Standards: requirements of Test Method D 1883.
C 702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to 5.2 Mixing Bowl, Straight-Edge, Scale, Filter Paper,
Testing Size Dishes, etc. as required in Test Methods D 698 and D 1883.
,
2 3
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates 5.3 Water Storage Facility—A water bath controlled at 706
D 698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character- 3°C (158 6 5°F) or suitable tanks or buckets for submersion of
istics of Soils Using Standard Effort (600 kN-m/m (12,400 the test specimens in an oven controlled so as to maintain that
3 4
ft-lbf/ft )) water temperature.
D 1883 Test Method for CBR (California Bearing Ratio) of
6. Sampling
Laboratory-Compacted Soils
6.1 To determine compliance with specifications, take field
D 2940 Specification for Graded Aggregate Material for
samples in accordance with Practice D 75 or the requirements
Bases or Subbases for Highways or Airports
of the project specifications.
3. Summary of Test Method
6.2 Take samples for research or general evaluation pur-
3.1 This test method consists of measuring the volume poses in a manner appropriate for the materials and purposes
expansion of compacted specimens following the general involved.
procedures of Test Method D 1883. Compaction is based on 6.3 Keep samples at field moisture content until the time of
maximum density determination using Test Methods D 698. To the test by sealing in water-tight containers or plastic bags.
accelerate the hydration reaction, specimens are stored in water
7. Preparation of Sample
at 70 6 3°C (158 6 5°F) for a minimum of 7 days.
7.1 Reduce the field sample to testing size in accordance
with Practice C 702, obtaining two 18-kg (40-lb) portions.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road
7.2 Pass the samples through the 19.0-mm ( ⁄4-in.) and
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 on
4.75-mm (No. 4) sieves. If 10 % or more is retained on the
Aggregate Tests.
19.0-mm ( ⁄4-in.) sieve proceed to 7.2.1 for oversize correction.
Current edition approved June 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally
published as D 4792-88. Last previous edition D 4792-95. 7.2.1 Pass the material through a 75-mm (3-in.) sieve.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
Discard the material retained on the 75-mm (3-in.) sieve. The
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
material passing the 75-mm (3-in.) sieve and retained on the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
D 4792
19-mm ( ⁄4-in.) sieve shall be replaced with a
...

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Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
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4.1 Some specifications contain requirements relating to percentage of fractured particles in coarse aggregates. One purpose of such requirements is to maximize shear strength by increasing inter-particle friction in either bound or unbound aggregate mixtures. Another purpose is to provide stability for surface treatment aggregates and to provide increased friction and texture for aggregates used in pavement surface courses. This test method provides a standard procedure for determining the acceptability of coarse aggregate with respect to such requirements.  
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Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field

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4.1 This practice provides standardized requirements for making, and curing test specimens in the field. This practice also provides requirements for transporting test specimens to the laboratory, and for curing test specimens in the laboratory. Depending on their purpose, test specimens are either standard-cured, or field-cured.  
4.2 Uses of the test results of standard-cured test specimens include the following purposes:  
4.2.1 Acceptance testing for specified concrete strength,  
Note 2: Specification C94/C94M requires compressive-strength test specimens for acceptance to be standard-cured.  
4.2.2 Checking adequacy of mixture proportions for concrete strength, and  
4.2.3 Quality control.  
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4.3.2 Comparison with test results of standard cured specimens or with test results from various in-place test methods,  
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4.3.5 Post-tensioning.
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