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ASTM C936/C936M-09

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units

Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units

ABSTRACT
This specification is intended for interlocking concrete pavers used in the construction of paved surfaces and manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, chemical admixtures, and other constituents such as integral water repellents. The specification also offers guidelines for physical requirements, sampling and testing, visual inspection, and rejection of specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved surfaces.
1.2 When particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2009
ICS
93.080.20 - Road construction materials
Technical Committee
C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
Drafting Committee
C15.03 - Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C936-08 - Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Replaced By
ASTM C936/C936M-11 - Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1781/C1781M-21 - Standard Test Method for Surface Infiltration Rate of Permeable Unit Pavement Systems
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Referred By
ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Referred By
ASTM C140/C140M-23 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Referred By
ASTM C1645-22a - Standard Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009

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REDLINE ASTM C936/C936M-09 - Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving UnitsREDLINE ASTM C936/C936M-09 - Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C936/C936M – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C936/C936M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
Concrete
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlock-
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
ing concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
surfaces.
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
1.2 When particular features are desired, such as weight
C979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored
classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures,
Concrete
finish, color, or other special features, such properties should
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete
bespecifiedbythepurchaser.Localsellers,however,shouldbe
and Mortars
consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.
C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Mixtures
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
C1645 Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions:
2
3.1.1 architectural finishes—surface modified by mechani-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cal means such as blasting, hammering, polishing, tumbling,
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
washing, or other methods.
C140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete
Masonry Units and Related Units
4. Materials
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
4.1 Cementitious Materials shall conform to the following
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-
applicable ASTM specifications:
poses
4.1.1 Portland Cements—Specification C150.
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-
4.1.2 Blended Cements—Specification C595, Types IS or
crete
IP.
C331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Con-
4.1.3 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157.
crete Masonry Units
4.1.4 Hydrated Lime, Type S—Specification C207.
C418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by
4.1.5 Fly Ash—Specification C618.
Sandblasting
4.1.6 Ground Slag—Specification C989.
4.1.7 Silica Fume—Specification C1240.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on 4.2 Aggregates shall conform to the following ASTM
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
specifications, except that grading requirements shall not
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
necessarily apply:
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved
4.2.1 Normal Weight—Specification C33.
in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C936 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/
C0936_C0936M-09.
4.2.2 Lightweight—Specification C331.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.3 Chemical Admixtures shall conform to the following
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
applicable ASTM specifications:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.3.1 Air-entraining Admixtures—Specification C260.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C936/C936M – 09
2
4.3.2 Water-reducing, Retarding, and Accelerating cycles, or (b) no greater mass loss than 500 g/m when subject
Admixtures—Specification C494/C494M. to 49 freeze-thaw cycles. This test method shall be conducted
4.3.3 Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete— not more than 12 months prior to delivery of units.
Specification C979. 5.6 Abrasion Resistance—When tested in accordance with
4.4 Other Constituents—Integral water repellents, and other Test Method C418, specimens shall not have an average
3 2 3 2
materials for which no ASTM standards exist, shall be previ- volume loss greater than 15 cm /50 cm [0.92 in. /7.75 in. ].
ously established as suitable for use in concrete or shall be The average thickness loss shall not exceed 3 mm [0.118 in.].
shown by test or experience not t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C936–08 Designation: C 936/C 936M – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 936/C 936M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved
surfaces.
1.2 When particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish,
color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted
as to availability of units having the desired features.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C 140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
C 207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes
C 260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C 331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
C 418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by Sandblasting
C 494/C 494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C 979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete
C 989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
C 1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures
C 1645 Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 architectural finishes—surfacemodifiedbymechanicalmeanssuchasblasting,hammering,polishing,tumbling,washing,
or other methods.
4. Materials
4.1 Cementitious Materials shall conform to the following applicable ASTM specifications:
4.1.1 Portland Cements— Specification C 150.
4.1.2 Blended Cements— Specification C 595, Types IS or IP.
4.1.3 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C 1157.
4.1.4 Hydrated Lime, Type S—Specification C 207.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.20 on
Architectural and Structural Products.
CurrenteditionapprovedJuneJuly1,2008.2009.PublishedJune2008.July2009.Originallyapprovedin1982.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin20072008asC 936 – 078.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 936/C 936M – 09
4.1.5 Fly Ash—Specification C 618.
4.1.6 Ground Slag— Specification C 989.
4.1.7 Silica Fume— Specification C 1240.
4.2 Aggregates shall conform to the following ASTM specifications, except that grading requirements shall not necessarily
apply:
4.2.1 Normal Weight— Specification C 33.
4.2.2 Lightweight— Specification C 331.
4.3 Chemical Admixtures shall conform to the following applicable ASTM specifications:
4.3.1 Air-entraining Admixtures—Specification C 260.
4.3.2 Water-reducing, Retarding, and Accelerating Admixtures—Specification C 494/C 494M.
4.3.3 Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete—Specification C 979.
4.4 Other Constituents—Integral water repellents, and other materials for which noASTM standards exist, shall be previously
established as suitable for use in concrete or shall be shown by test or experience not to
...

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Standard Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the amount of water present in the emulsified asphalt, as distinguished from either bitumen or petroleum solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods and practices, given under the headings titled Composition, Consistency, Stability, and Examination of Residue, cover the examination of asphalt emulsions composed principally of a semisolid or liquid asphaltic base, water, and an emulsifying agent. The test methods cover the following tests and practices:    
Test  
Sections  
Composition:  
Water Content  
4 – 10  
Residue and Oil Distillate by Distillation  
See Test Method
D6997  
Residue by Evaporation  
See Test Method
D6934  
Particle Charge of Cationic Emulsified Asphalts  
See Practice
D7402  
Consistency:  
Viscosity (Saybolt Furol)  
See Test Method
D7496  
Stability:  
Demulsibility  
See Test Method
D6936  
Settlement  
See Test Method
D6930  
Cement Mixing  
See Test Method
D6935  
Sieve Test  
See Test Method
D6933  
Aggregate Coating  
See Practice
D6998  
Miscibility with Water  
See Practice
D6999  
Freezing  
See Practice
D6929  
Coating Ability and Water Resistance  
11 – 18  
Storage Stability of Asphalt Emulsion  
See Test Method
D6930  
Examination of Residue  
19 – 26  
Identification Test for Rapid Setting Cationic Emulsified Asphalt  
27 – 34  
Identification of Cationic Slow Set Emulsions  
See Practice
D7402  
Field Coating Test on Emulsified Asphalts  
35 – 40  
Emulsified Asphalt/Job Aggregate Coating Test  
41 – 46  
Density of Emulsified Asphalt  
See Test Method
D6937  
Residue by Low-Temperature Vacuum Distillation  
See Test Method
D7403  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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