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ASTM D7244-06a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings

Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used as a manufacturing or laboratory process control tool by providing a visual comparison of the ability to resist solvent break-through against an established control. The test method is designed to indicate a potential problem caused by an undercured condition but does not identify what caused the condition.
This test method does not duplicate the conditions on a printing press but does provide a means to determine whether the test sample meets specifications as agreed upon between supplier and customer.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for evaluating the relative cure of printed energy-cured (ultraviolet or electron beam) ink or coating by a mechanical solvent rub test using a motorized Crockmeter.
1.2 This test method is applicable to laboratory and production prints on any flat substrate that is no thicker than 3 mm (0.125 in.), durable enough to withstand the test conditions, and for which a control (reference) sample is available.
1.3 This test method applies to comparisons between energy-cured inks and coatings of the same chemistry and film weight and should not be used to compare different ink or coating chemistries or various applied film weights without first establishing process performance.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2006
ICS
87.080 - Inks. Printing inks
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.56 - Printing Inks
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7244-06 - Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D7244-06a(2011) - Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings (Withdrawn 2020)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2011

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ASTM D7244-06a - Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and CoatingsASTM D7244-06a - Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings
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ASTM D7244-06a - Standard Test Method for Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7244–06a
Standard Test Method for
1
Relative Cure of Energy-Cured Inks and Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7244; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 electron beam (EB) curing, n—conversionofaninkor
coating to its final polymerized state by means of a mechanism
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for evaluating
initiated by electron beam radiation.
therelativecureofprintedenergy-cured(ultravioletorelectron
3.1.4 ultraviolet (UV) curing, n—conversion of an ink or
beam) ink or coating by a mechanical solvent rub test using a
coating to its final polymerized state by means of a mechanism
motorized Crockmeter.
initiated by ultraviolet radiation.
1.2 This test method is applicable to laboratory and produc-
tion prints on any flat substrate that is no thicker than 3 mm
4. Summary of Test Method
(0.125 in.), durable enough to withstand the test conditions,
4.1 The Crockmeter is set to a predetermined number of rub
and for which a control (reference) sample is available.
cycles. The test specimen is attached to the bed of the
1.3 This test method applies to comparisons between
instrument. The linen covered rubbing finger is laid on the test
energy-cured inks and coatings of the same chemistry and film
print. Solvent is applied and the rub cycle started.
weight and should not be used to compare different ink or
4.2 The test specimen is removed, examined for break-
coating chemistries or various applied film weights without
through and rated as less, equal, or more than the control.
first establishing process performance.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5.1 This test method is used as a manufacturing or labora-
only.
tory process control tool by providing a visual comparison of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
theabilitytoresistsolventbreak-throughagainstanestablished
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
control. The test method is designed to indicate a potential
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
problem caused by an undercured condition but does not
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
identify what caused the condition.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 This test method does not duplicate the conditions on a
2. Referenced Documents printing press but does provide a means to determine whether
the test sample meets specifications as agreed upon between
2.1 Other Standards:
supplier and customer.
AATCC Test Method 8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC
2
Crockmeter Method
6. Apparatus
3
3. Terminology 6.1 AATCC Motorized Crockmeter equipped with a light-
weight aluminum sliding arm that has a nominal weight of
3.1 Definitions:
250 g and hollow nylon finger. See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
3.1.1 break-through, n—the point where the ink or coatings
6.2 Ultraviolet or electron beam curing equipment.
film is penetrated by the solvent rub, causing a loss of density.
3.1.2 cure, n—the condition of a test sample after conver-
7. Reagents and Materials
sion to a dried film as measured by tests generally related to
7.1 Control (reference) prints consisting of energy cured
end-use performance and mutually agreeable to supplier and
prints that have met all quality control tests and end-use
purchaser.
requirements. The control may be a production or laboratory
print.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
3
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks. The sole source of supply of the apparatus know to the committee at this time
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published November 2006. Originally is theAtlas Material Testing Technology LLC, 4114 N. RavenswoodAve., Chicago,
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7244 - 06. DOI: IL 60613 USA. If you are aware of alternate suppliers, please provide this
10.1520/D7244-06A. information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive
2 1
Available from AATCC, One Davis Drive, PO Box 12215, Research Triangle careful consideration at the meeting of the responsible technical committee which
Park, NC 27709-2215. you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7244–06a
FIG. 1 AATCC Motorized Crockmeter
...

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5.1 Oversize particles in a printing ink may damage a printing plate, plug a cell, clog a nozzle and adversely affect the appearance of printed ink films. Fineness of grind measurements are useful for deciding when to stop the dispersion process and for determining if the test material meets specifications as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.
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3.1 A common set of definitions is essential to improve communication and avoid misunderstanding among ink makers, substrate makers, and printers.  
3.2 The term “paper” in this standard also encompasses the term “paperboard.”  
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Standard Practice for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Technique

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4.1 Many types of printed matter, notably container labels, packaging materials, magazine and book covers, must be resistant to liquid materials that may contact them advertently or inadvertently. This practice permits an assessment of resistance of printed matter to several types of liquids.  
4.2 The requirement that a reference print be run at the same time as the test print minimizes effects of atmospheric conditions (humidity and temperature) and other variations which may develop.  
4.3 This practice can be used to determine whether new formulations are suitable for the end-use purpose and for specification acceptance between producer and user.
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1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the relative resistance of printed matter to liquid chemicals, as evidenced by lack of discoloration, bleeding, or loss of gloss.  
1.2 This practice utilizes a sandwich procedure similar in principle to ISO/TC 130 N 589. Spotting or immersion procedures are covered in Test Methods D1308, D1647, and D2248.  
1.3 This practice is applicable to prints on any flat substrate including paper, paperboard, metallic foil, metal plate, and plastic films, and produced by any printing process including letterpress, offset lithography, flexography, gravure, silk screen, and non-impact.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
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