ASTM D3381/D3381M-09a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction
Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction
ABSTRACT
This specification covers three sets of physical requirement limits for asphalt cements graded by viscosity at a specified temperature for use in pavement construction. The purchaser shall indicate the applicable table of limits. The cements shall be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable methods, and if needed, volume corrections should be made as well. The properties for which the materials shall be tested on and should conform to are water content, viscosity, penetration, Cleveland open cup flash point, solubility in trichloroethylene, ductility, and behavior during thin-film oven and rolling thin-film oven tests on residue.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt cements graded by viscosity at 60°C [140°F] for use in pavement construction. Three sets of limits are offered in this specification. The purchaser shall specify the applicable table of limits. In the event the purchaser does not specify limits, Table 1 shall apply. For asphalt cements graded by penetration at 25°C [77°F]. See Specification D946. If needed, volume corrections for asphalt cements should be made according to Practice D4311.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
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Designation: D3381/D3381M −09a
StandardSpecification for
Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement
1
Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3381/D3381M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
(Bitumens)
1.1 This specification covers asphalt cements graded by
D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum
viscosity at 60°C [140°F] for use in pavement construction.
Capillary Viscometer
Three sets of limits are offered in this specification. The
D2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving
purchaser shall specify the applicable table of limits. In the
Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)
event the purchaser does not specify limits, Table 1 shall apply.
D4311 Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correction
For asphalt cements graded by penetration at 25°C [77°F]. See
to a Base Temperature
Specification D946. If needed, volume corrections for asphalt
cements should be made according to Practice D4311.
3. Manufacture
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1 The asphalt cement shall be prepared from crude petro-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
leum by suitable methods.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4. Physical Requirements
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
4.1 The asphalt cement shall be homogeneous, free from
water, and shall not foam when heated to 175°C [350°F].
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.2 The asphalt cements shall conform to the requirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
given in Table 1, Table 2,or Table 3, as specified by the
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
purchaser.
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Open Cup Tester
5. Methods of Sampling and Testing
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
5.1 Sample and test asphalt cements in accordance with the
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
following methods:
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
5.1.1 Sampling—Practice D140.
D946 Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement
5.1.2 Water—Test Method D95.
for Use in Pavement Construction
5.1.3 Viscosity at 60°C [140°F]—Test Method D2171.
D1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat andAir onAsphaltic
5.1.4 Viscosity at 135°C [275°F]—Test Method D2170.
Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
5.1.5 Penetration— Test Method D5.
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
5.1.6 Flash Point, Cleveland Open Cup—Test Method D92.
Trichloroethylene
5.1.7 Solubility in Trichloroethylene—Test Method D2042.
5.1.8 Thin-Film Oven Test—Test Method D1754 (see Table
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
1 and Table 2).
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on
Asphalt Specifications. 5.1.9 Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test—Test Method D2872
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally
(see Table 3).
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D3381 – 09. DOI:
5.1.10 Ductility—Test Method D113.
10.1520/D3381_D3381M-09A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6. Keywords
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.1 asphalt cement; bitumen; pavement; viscosity
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3381/D3381M − 09a
TABLE 1 Requirements for Asphalt Cement, Viscosity Graded at 60°C [140°F]
NOTE 1—Grading based on original asphalt.
Viscosity Grade
Test
AC-2.5 AC-5 AC-10 AC-20 AC-30 AC-40
Viscosity, 60°C [140°F], Pa·s 25 ± 5 50 ± 10 100 ± 20 200 ± 40 300 ± 60 400 ± 80
2
Viscosity, 135°C [275°F], min, mm /s 80 110 150 210 250 300
Penetration, 25°C [77°F], 100 g, 5 s, min 200 120 70 40 30 20
Flash point, Cleveland open cup, min,°C [°F] 165 [325] 175 [350] 220 [425] 230 [450] 230 [450] 230 [450]
Solubility in trichloroethylene, min, % 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0
Tests on residue from thin-film oven test:
Viscosity, 60°C [140°F], max, Pa·s 125 250 500 1000 1500 2000
A
Ductility, 25°C [77°F], 5 cm/min, min, cm 100
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3381–09 Designation: D3381/D3381M – 09a
Standard Specification for
Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement
1
Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3381/D3381M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers asphalt cements graded by viscosity at 140°F (60°C)60°C [140°F] for use in pavement
construction. Three sets of limits are offered in this specification. The purchaser shall specify the applicable table of limits. In the
eventthepurchaserdoesnotspecifylimits,Table1shallapply.Forasphaltcementsgradedbypenetrationat77°F(25°C)(see25°C
[77°F]. See Specification D946). If needed, volume corrections for asphalt cements should be made according to Practice D4311.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D946 Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction
D1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphaltic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts (Bitumens)
D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
D2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)
D4311 Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correction to a Base Temperature
3. Manufacture
3.1 The asphalt cement shall be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable methods.
4. Physical Requirements
4.1 The asphalt cement shall be homogeneous, free from water, and shall not foam when heated to 347°F (175°C). 175°C
[350°F].
4.2 The asphalt cements shall conform to the requirements given in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3, as specified by the purchaser.
5. Methods of Sampling and Testing
5.1 Sample and test asphalt cements in accordance with the following methods:
5.1.1 Sampling—Practice D140.
5.1.2 Water—Test Method D95.
5.1.3 Viscosity at 140°F (60°C)Viscosity at 60°C [140°F] —Test Method D2171.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 onAsphalt
Specifications.
Current edition approved JulyDec. 1, 2009. Published July 2009.January 2010. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20052009 as D3381 – 059.
DOI: 10.1520/D3381_D3381M-09A.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D3381/D3381M – 09a
5.1.4 Viscosity at 275°F (135°C)Viscosity at 135°C [275°F]—Test Method D2170.
5.1.5 Penetration— Test Method D5.
5.1.6 Flash Point, Cleveland Open Cup—Test Method D92(see Table 1 and Table 2). .
5.1.7 Solubility in Trichloroethylene —Test Method D2042.
5.1.8 Thin-Film Oven Test—Test Method D1754 (see Table 1 and Table 2).
5.1.9 Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test—Test Method D2872 (see Table 3).
5.1.10 Ductility—Test Method D113. .
TABLE 1 Requirements for Asphalt Cement, Viscosity Graded at 60°C [140°F (60°C)]
NOTE 1—Grading based on original asphalt.
Viscosity Grade
Test
AC-2.5 AC-5 AC-10 AC-20 AC-30 AC-40
Viscosity,140°F (60°C), P 250 6 50 500 6 100 1000 6 200 2000 6 400 3000 6 600 4000 6 800
Viscosity, 60°C [140°F], Pa·s 25 6 5 50 6 10 100 6 20 200 6 40 300 6 60
...
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