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ASTM C938-02

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete

Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a standard procedure for selecting proportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistency in the production of PA concrete meeting applicable criteria for strength, density, and other properties.
This practice is also useful for determining the composition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specified requirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock, foundations, and concrete structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure for selecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-2002
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.41 - Hydraulic Cement Grouts
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C938-97 - Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Replaced By
ASTM C938-10 - Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM C1741-18 - Standard Test Method for Bleed Stability of Cementitious Post-Tensioning Tendon Grout
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM C943-17 - Standard Practice for Making Test Cylinders and Prisms for Determining Strength and Density of Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM C953-17 - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM C937-23 - Standard Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM C939/C939M-22 - Standard Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM C942/C942M-21 - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002

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ASTM C938-02 - Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate ConcreteASTM C938-02 - Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
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ASTM C938-02 - Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C938–02
Standard Practice for
Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C938; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C939 Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-
Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)
1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure for
C940 Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly
selecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the pro-
Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the
duction of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
Laboratory
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
C941 Test Method for Water Retentivity of Grout Mixtures
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
information purposes only.
C942 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Grouts for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C943 Practice for Making Test Cylinders and Prisms for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Determining Strength and Density of Preplaced-Aggregate
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Concrete in the Laboratory
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Summary of Practice
2. Referenced Documents
2
3.1 Grouts at fluid consistency are prepared from one or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
more mixtures of cement, pozzolan, fine aggregate, grout
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
fluidifier, with or without other chemical admixtures, and
lindrical Concrete Specimens
water, and tested to determine:
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
3.1.1 The properties of the grout, and
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
3.1.2 The properties of PA concrete made with the grout
Specimens)
when the grout is intended for such use.
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
3.2 The procedure and equipment required for mixing this
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
grout are prescribed in this practice.
Mortar
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete
4. Significance and Use
Test Specimens in the Laboratory
4.1 Thispracticeprovidesastandardprocedureforselecting
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
proportionsformixturesofgrouttobeusedatfluidconsistency
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
in the production of PAconcrete meeting applicable criteria for
C637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding
strength, density, and other properties.
Concrete
4.2 This practice is also useful for determining the compo-
C937 Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-
sition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specified
Aggregate Concrete
requirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock,
foundations, and concrete structures.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.41
5. Apparatus
on Concrete for Radiation Shielding.
5.1 Mixer, constructed as shown in Fig. 1. The three mixer
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. Originally
1
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as C938–97. DOI: blades shall be made of steel plate, 3-mm ( ⁄8-in.) thick, with a
10.1520/C0938-02.
100 by 125-mm (4 by 5-in.) elliptical shape. Each blade shall
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
have two 25 by 75-mm (1 by 3-in.) slots centered on the major
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C938–02
FIG. 1 Grout Mixer
axis, and shall be welded to the shaft at an angle of approxi- 7.2 Agitation of the batch shall be continuous until all
mately 23° with the horizontal in such a way as to force grout samples required from that batch have been drawn.
to the bottom of the mixer during rotation. The mixer blades 7.3 Grout in the mixer shall not be retempered by the
shall be powered to rotate at approximately 275 r/min under addition of water. If mixing water is added in increments to
load. a
...

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SCOPE
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ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of strength of cylindrical concrete specimens that have been molded in place using special molds attached to formwork. A concrete cylinder mold assembly consisting of a mold and a tubular support member is fastened within the concrete formwork prior to placement of the concrete. The elevation of the mold upper edge is adjusted to correspond to the plane of the finished slab surface. The mold support prevents direct contact of the slab concrete with the outside of the mold and permits its easy removal from the hardened concrete. Strength of cast-in-place cylinders may be used for various purposes, such as estimating the load-bearing capacity of slabs, determining the time of form and shore removal, and determining the effectiveness of curing and protection. Consolidation of concrete in the mold may be varied to simulate the conditions of placement. Internal vibration of concrete in the mold is prohibited except under special circumstances.
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4.1 This test method is of primary significance in determining the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M.
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Note 1: Sieve sizes openings are identified by their Specification E11 designation with their alternative Specification E11 designation given in parentheses for information only.  
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Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of In Place Pervious Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tests performed at the same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of the pervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.  
5.2 The infiltration rate obtained by this method is valid only for the localized area of the pavement where the test is conducted. To determine the infiltration rate of the entire pervious pavement multiple locations must be tested and the results averaged.  
5.3 The field infiltration rate is typically established by the design engineer of record and is a function of the design precipitation event.  
5.4 This test method does not measure the influence on in-place infiltration rate due to sealing of voids near the bottom of the pervious concrete slab. Visual inspection of concrete cores is the best approach for determining sealing of voids near the bottom of the pervious concrete slab.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the field water infiltration rate of in place pervious concrete.
Note 1: For permeable unit pavement systems, Test Method C1781/C1781M should be used. Test Method C1781/C1781M is functionally identical to this test method but includes added provisions for positioning and securing the test ring to a discontinuous surface. Both tests methods give comparable results  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off