ASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2018)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2063/D2063M − 10 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with
Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated
(Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2063/D2063M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Threaded or Lug-Style Closures (Withdrawn 2016)
D3474 Practice for Calibration and Use of Torque Meters
1.1 These test methods evaluate the torque retention of
Used in Packaging Applications
continuous thread closures on containers, with matching
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
finishes, for predetermined environmental conditions over
tainers and Systems
time.
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units Packaging Components for Testing
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in E41 Terminology Relating to Conditioning
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each E171/E171M Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining Barrier Packaging
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
with the standard. Determine the Precision of a Test Method
NOTE 1—The SI unit system is the recommended system.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 For definitions of general packaging and distribution
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
terms, see Terminology D996.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.2 For definitions of application torque and removal
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
torque, see Test Method D3198.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.3 For Definitions regarding conditioning, see Terminol-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ogy E41.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.1 immediate removal torque—removal torque that is
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
measured at a stated interval, from 1 to 5 min after closure
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
application.
3.2.2 torque retention—a comparison between removal
2. Referenced Documents
torque at the end of a test period and a predetermined
2.1 ASTM Standards:
immediate removal torque.
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
ments
4. Summary of Test Methods
D3198 Test Method forApplication and Removal Torque of
4.1 Test Method A: Static Evaluation—At predetermined
timeintervals,theremovaltorquesofrepresentativesamplesof
a container/continuous thread closure system, previously
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on
stored at various environmental conditions, are measured.
PrimaryBarrierPackagingandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF02.25
4.2 Test Method B: Dynamic Evaluation—Practice D4169 is
on Rigid Container Closure Systems.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally
used to develop a uniform system of evaluating the ability of
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D2063/D2063M – 10
primary packages, in the shipping units, to withstand the
(2012). DOI: 10.1520/D2063_D2063M-10R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2063/D2063M − 10 (2018)
distribution environment. At the end of predetermined distri- 10.1.1 Select the minimum application torque for the
bution cycles, the removal torques of representative samples of container/continuous thread system as recommended by the
a container/continuous thread closure system are measured. closure manufacturer. (For example, the U.S. Pharmacopaeia,
the Society for the Plastics Industry, the Glass Container
5. Significance and Use
Manufacturers Institute, or other sources.)
5.1 This test method allows for the measurement of the
10.1.2 Firmly position the container or closure in such a
torque retention properties of container/continuous thread clo-
manner that the axis of rotation of the closure is concentric
sure systems of various designs, materials, and manufacture,
with the center of the torque measuring device. See Note 4.
and is suitable for packaging development and engineering
NOTE 4—It is recommended that one operator, and a single torque
evaluation.
instrument be used to apply all closures in any one test to reduce possible
operator/instrument inconsistencies and variabilities.
5.2 This test method can be used for the evaluation of
container/continuous thread closure systems under controlled
10.1.2.1 Exercise care in positioning the container or clo-
conditions (where the application torque is known and the
sure to prevent distortion of either component.
applied downward force to the closure is zero).
NOTE 5—Under certain conditions of product-filling, storage and
5.3 This test method measures torque retention properties of distribution, it may be desirable to combine appropriate segments of Test
Method A and Test Method B.
container/continuous thread closure systems with the use of a
non-automated, spring torque-meter (with either a dial indica-
10.1.3 Avoiding contact with the fixed component, grip the
tor or a digital readout) or a torque wrench.
movable component (normally the continuous thread closure)
and rotate it at a constant and uniform rate, in a tightening
6. Apparatus
direction, to the predetermined application torque.
6.1 Non-automated Spring Torque Meter, with an appropri-
10.1.4 Release the movable component (normally the con-
ate scale that accurately measures within the expected torque
tinuous thread closure) upon reaching the desired torque. See
range for the particular container/continuous thread closure
Note 6.
system to be evaluated.
10.1.5 Apply the balance of the closures or containers to the
6.1.1 Torque meter, if used, will have a scale where the
matching components as directed in 10.1.2, 10.1.3, and 10.1.4.
anticipated torque readings are not less than one-third of the
10.1.6 Store the assembled test specimens as appropriate in
maximum range of the scale for the container/continuous
accordance with Specification E171/E171M or Practice
thread closure system to be evaluated. Torque results will be
D4332.
available in a visual format.
10.1.6.1 Maintain one group of test specimens as a control
6.1.2 A torque wrench, if used, will have an appropriate
by storing this group at ambient laboratory conditions. See
design and capacity capable of providing a reading within the
Note 6.
anticipated range for the container/continuous thread closure
NOTE 6—The application torque range is usually determined on the
system to be evaluated. Torque results will be available in a
basis of the desired removal torque range.
visual format.
10.1.6.2 Maintain, as appropriate, one or more groups of
7. Sampling and Test Specimens
test specimens at constant temperatures different than ambient
laboratory conditions. If desired, cycling at various tempera-
7.1 Measure no less than
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