SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.PHKNRPDJQHWQLKMagnetische Werkstoffe - Teil 6: Verfahren zur Messung der magnetischen Eigenschaften weichmagnetischer und pulverförmiger Werkstoffe bei Frequenzen im Bereich 20 Hz bis 200 kHz mit Hilfe von Ringproben (IEC 60404-6:2018)Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 6: Méthodes de mesure des propriétés magnétiques des matériaux métalliques et des matériaux en poudre, magnétiquement doux, aux fréquences comprises entre 20 Hz et 200 kHz, sur des éprouvettes en forme de tore (IEC 60404-6:2018)Magnetic materials - Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies in the range 20 Hz to 200 kHz by the use of ring specimens (IEC 60404-6:2018)29.030Magnetni materialiMagnetic materials17.220.20Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantitiesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN IEC 60404-6:2018SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018en01-september-2018SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 60404-6:20041DGRPHãþD



SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN IEC 60404-6
July 2018 ICS 17.220.20; 29.030
Supersedes
EN 60404-6:2003
English Version
Magnetic materials - Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies in the range 20 Hz to 100 kHz by the use of ring specimens (IEC 60404-6:2018)
Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 6: Méthodes de mesure des propriétés magnétiques des matériaux métalliques et des matériaux en poudre magnétiquement doux, aux fréquences comprises entre 20 Hz et 100 kHz, sur des éprouvettes en forme de tore (IEC 60404-6:2018)
Magnetische Werkstoffe - Teil 6: Verfahren zur Messung der magnetischen Eigenschaften weichmagnetischer und pulverförmiger Werkstoffe bei Frequenzen im Bereich 20 Hz bis 100 kHz mit Hilfe von Ringproben (IEC 60404-6:2018) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2018-06-29. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels © 2018 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 60404-6:2018 E SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



EN IEC 60404-6:2018 2 European foreword The text of document 68/595/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60404-6, prepared by IEC/TC 68 "Magnetic alloys and steels" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 60404-6:2018.
The following dates are fixed: • latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2019-03-29 • latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2021-06-29
This document supersedes EN 60404-6:2003.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60404-6:2018 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



EN IEC 60404-6:2018 3 Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1
Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2
Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-121 -
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) -
Part 121: Electromagnetism - -
IEC 60050-221 -
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) -
Chapter 221: Magnetic materials and components - -
IEC 60404-2 -
Magnetic materials -
Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame EN 60404-2 -
IEC 60404-4 -
Magnetic materials -
Part 4: Methods of measurement of d.c. magnetic properties of magnetically soft materials EN 60404-4 -
IEC 60404-8-6 -
Magnetic materials -
Part 8-6: Specifications for individual materials - Soft magnetic metallic materials EN 60404-8-6 -
IEC 60404-8-9 -
Magnetic materials -
Part 8: Specification for individual materials - Section 9: Standard specification for sintered soft magnetic materials - -
IEC 62044-3 -
Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods -
Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level EN 62044-3 -
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 -
Uncertainty of measurement -
Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) - -
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SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



IEC 60404-6 Edition 3.0 2018-05 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Magnetic materials –
Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies in the range 20 Hz to 100 kHz by the use of ring specimens
Matériaux magnétiques –
Partie 6: Méthodes de mesure des propriétés magnétiques des matériaux métalliques et des matériaux en poudre magnétiquement doux, aux fréquences comprises entre 20 Hz et 100 kHz, sur des éprouvettes en forme de tore
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.20; 29.030
ISBN 978-2-8322-5716-6
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ®
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé. SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018 colourinside



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IEC 60404-6:2018 © IEC 2018 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 General principles of measurement . 7 4.1 Principle of the ring method . 7 4.2 Test specimen . 7 4.3 Windings . 8 5 Temperature measurements . 9 6 Measurement of the relative amplitude permeability and the AC magnetization curve . 9 6.1 General . 9 6.2 Apparatus and connections . 9 6.3 Waveform of induced secondary voltage or magnetizing current . 10 6.4 Determination of characteristics . 11 6.4.1 Determination of the peak value of the magnetic field strength . 11 6.4.2 Determination of the peak value of the magnetic flux density . 12 6.4.3 Determination of the r.m.s. amplitude permeability and the relative amplitude permeability . 12 6.4.4 Determination of the AC magnetization curve . 13 7 Measurement of the specific total loss by the wattmeter method . 13 7.1 Principle of measurement. 13 7.2 Voltage measurement . 15 7.2.1 Average type voltmeter . 15 7.2.2 R.M.S. type voltmeter . 15 7.3 Power measurement . 15 7.4 Procedure for the measurement of the specific total loss . 15 7.5 Determination of the specific total loss . 15 8 Uncertainties . 16 9 Test report . 16 Annex A (informative)
Guidance on requirements for windings and instrumentation in order to minimise additional losses . 17 A.1 General . 17 A.2 Reduction of additional losses . 17 Annex B (informative)
Digital sampling technique for the determination of magnetic properties and numerical air flux compensation . 18 B.1 General . 18 B.2 Technical details and requirements . 18 B.3 Calibration aspects . 22 B.4 Numerical air flux compensation . 22 Annex C (informative)
Sinusoidal waveform control by digital means . 23 Bibliography . 24
Figure 1 – Circuit of the measurement apparatus . 10 SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



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Figure 2 – Circuit of the conventional analogue wattmeter method (also representing the metrological principle of the digital wattmeter method) . 14 Figure 3 – The wattmeter method when connected with the digital sampling technique (example of circuit) . 14
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IEC 60404-6:2018 © IEC 2018 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________
MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of
magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies
in the range 20 Hz to 100 kHz by the use of ring specimens
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60404-6 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 68: Magnetic alloys and steels. This third edition cancels and replaces the second published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) adaption to modern measurement and evaluation methods, in particular the introduction of the widely spread digital sampling method for the acquisition and evaluation of the measured data; b) limitation of the frequency range up to 100 kHz;
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c) deletion of Clause 7 of the second edition that specified the measurement of magnetic properties using a digital impedance bridge;
d) addition of a new Clause 7 on the measurement
of the specific total loss by the wattmeter method, including an example of the application of the digital sampling method; e) addition of an informative annex on the technical details of the digital sampling technique for the determination of magnetic properties. The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 68/595/FDIS 68/600/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts in the IEC 60404 series, published under the general title Magnetic materials, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended.
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IEC 60404-6:2018 © IEC 2018 MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of
magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies
in the range 20 Hz to 100 kHz by the use of ring specimens
1 Scope This part of IEC 60404 specifies methods for the measurement of AC magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials, other than electrical steels and soft ferrites, in the frequency range 20 Hz to 100 kHz. The materials covered by this part of IEC 60404 include those speciality alloys listed in IEC 60404-8-6, amorphous and nano-crystalline soft magnetic materials, pressed and sintered and metal injection moulded parts such as are listed in IEC 60404-8-9, cast parts and magnetically soft composite materials. The object of this part is to define the general principles and the technical details of the measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft materials by means of ring methods. For materials supplied in powder form, a ring test specimen is formed by the appropriate pressing method for that material. The measurement of the DC magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials is made in accordance with the ring method of IEC 60404-4. The determinations of the magnetic characteristics of magnetically soft components are made in accordance with IEC 62044-3. NOTE IEC 62044-3:2000 specifies methods for the measurement of AC magnetic characteristics of magnetically soft components in the frequency range up to 10 MHz. Normally, the measurements are made at an ambient temperature of (23 ± 5) °C on test specimens which have first been magnetized, then demagnetized. Measurements can be made over other temperature ranges by agreement between parties concerned. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050-121, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 121: Electromagnetism
IEC 60050-221, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 221: Magnetic materials and components IEC 60404-2, Magnetic materials – Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame IEC 60404-4, Magnetic materials – Part 4: Methods of measurement of d.c. magnetic properties of iron and steel IEC 60404-8-6, Magnetic materials – Part 8-6: Specifications for individual materials – Soft magnetic metallic materials SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



IEC 60404-6:2018 © IEC 2018 – 7 –
IEC 60404-8-9, Magnetic materials – Part 8: Specifications for individual materials − Section 9: Standard specification for sintered soft magnetic materials IEC 62044-3, Cores made of soft magnetic materials – Measuring methods – Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-121 and IEC 60050-221 apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp 4 General principles of measurement 4.1 Principle of the ring method The measurements are made on a closed magnetic circuit in the form of a ring test specimen wound with two windings. 4.2 Test specimen The test specimen shall be in the form of a ring of rectangular cross-section which may be formed by a) winding thin strip or wire to produce a clock-spring wound toroidal core; or b) a stack of punched, laser cut, wire cut or photochemically etched ring laminations; or c) pressing and sintering of powders, metal injection moulding, 3D printing or casting. In the case of powder materials, the production of a ring test specimen by metal injection moulding or by pressing (with heating if applicable) shall be carried out in accordance with the material manufacturer's recommendations to achieve the optimum magnetic performance of the powder material. For all types of test specimen, burrs and sharp edges should be removed prior to heat treatment. It is preferable to enclose the test specimen in a two-part non-magnetic annular case. The case dimensions shall be such that it closely fits without introducing stress into the material of the test specimen. The ring shall have dimensions such that the ratio of the outer to inner diameter shall be no greater than 1,4 and preferably less than 1,25 to achieve a sufficiently homogenous magnetization of the test specimen.
For solid and pressed powder materials, the dimensions of the test specimen, that is the outer and inner diameters and the height of the ring, shall be measured with suitable calibrated instruments. The respective dimensions shall be measured at several locations on a test specimen and averaged. The cross-sectional area of the test specimen shall be calculated from Formula (1). SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



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IEC 60404-6:2018 © IEC 2018
hdDA2)(−= (1) where A
is the cross-sectional area of the test specimen, in square metres; D
is the outer diameter of the test specimen, in metres; d
is the inner diameter of the test specimen, in metres; h
is the height of the test specimen, in metres.
For a stack of laminations or a toroidal wound core, the cross-sectional area of the test specimen shall be calculated from the mass, density and the values of the inner and outer diameter of the ring specimen. The mass and diameters shall be measured with suitable calibrated instruments. The density shall be the conventional density for the material supplied by the manufacturer. The cross-sectional area shall be calculated from Formula (2).
()dDmA + =
ρπ2 (2) where m
is the mass of the test specimen, in kilograms; ρ is the density of the material, in kilograms per cubic metre. For the calculation of the magnetic field strength, the mean magnetic path length of the test specimen determined from Formula (3) shall be used.
()2mdD = l +
π
(3) where lm
is the mean magnetic path length of the test specimen, in metres. NOTE For measurements of magnetically soft components, an effective core cross-sectional area and an effective magnetic path length are used (described in IEC 62044-3:2000). The difference in results between material measurements and component measurements is larger when the ratio of the outer to inner diameter is larger. If the specific total loss is to be determined, the mass of the test specimen shall be measured with a suitable calibrated balance. 4.3 Windings The test specimen shall be wound with a magnetizing winding and a secondary winding (see Annex A). The numbers of turns depend upon the measuring equipment and method being used. The secondary winding shall be wound as closely as possible to the test specimen to minimize the effect of air flux enclosed between the test specimen and the secondary winding. All windings shall be wound uniformly over the whole length of the test specimen. For measurements at frequencies above power frequencies, care shall be taken to avoid complications related to capacitance and other effects. These are introduced and discussed in Annex A. Care shall be taken to ensure that the wire insulation is not damaged during the winding process causing a short circuit to the test specimen. An electrical check shall be made with a suitable AC insulation resistance measuring device to ensure that there is no direct connection between the windings and the test specimen.
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5 Temperature measurements When the temperature of the surface of the test specimen is required, it shall be measured by affixing a calibrated non-magnetic thermocouple (for example a type T thermocouple) to the test specimen. Where the test specimen is enclosed in an annular case, a small hole shall be made in the case, taking care not to damage the material of the test specimen, and the thermocouple fixed in contact with the test specimen. If this is not possible, the thermocouple shall be affixed to the case and this procedure shall be reported in the test report. The thermocouple shall be connected to a suitable calibrated voltmeter in order to measure its output voltage which can be related to the corresponding temperature through the calibration tables for the thermocouple. Where the temperature of the test specimen is found to vary with time after magnetization, the measurements of the magnetic properties shall be carried out either when an agreed temperature is reached or after a time agreed between the parties concerned. If measurements are to be made at elevated temperatures, these may be carried out with the test specimen placed in a suitable oven to produce the required temperature. A second smaller time-dependent magnetic relaxation effect can also affect the magnetic properties. For the types of materials covered by this document, the effect is usually masked by temperature changes. However, if such magnetic relaxation effects become apparent, then the test specimen should dwell at the prescribed magnetic flux density or magnetic field strength for an agreed period of time before making the final measurements. 6 Measurement of the relative amplitude permeability and the AC magnetization curve 6.1 General The measurements are made using the ring method at frequencies normally from 20 Hz to 100 kHz, the upper frequency being limited by the performance of the instrumentation. Where suitable calibrated instruments exist and careful winding to reduce interwinding capacitance has been performed, this upper limit may be extended to 1 MHz (See Annex A). 6.2 Apparatus and connections The apparatus shall be connected as shown in Figure 1. NOTE 1 Figure 3 can be used for the measurement of the relative amplitude permeability and the magnetization curve using the digital sampling technique. NOTE 2 For the application of digital sampling technique, see Annex B. SIST EN IEC 60404-6:2018



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IEC 60404-6:2018 © IEC 2018
Key ~
power supply (usually an oscillator and a power amplifier) A
true r.m.s. or peak reading ammeter, or a true r.m.s. or peak reading voltmeter and a non-inductive precision resistor to measure the magnetizing current
Hz
frequency meter N1 magnetizing winding N2
secondary winding OSC oscilloscope V1
average type voltmeter V2
r.m.s. voltmeter Figure 1 – Circuit of the measurement apparatus When conducting sinusoidal current measurements, a non-inductive precision resistor should be connected in series with the magnetizing winding N1 to guarantee that the magnetizing circuit resistance is at least ten times greater than the impedance of the magnetizing winding N1 on the test specimen. The source of alternating current shall have a variation of voltage and frequency at its output individually not exceeding ± 0,2 % of the adjusted value during the measurement. It shall be connected to a true r.m.s. or peak reading ammeter, or a true r.m.s. or peak reading voltmeter and a parallel non-inductive precision resistor, in series with the magnetizing winding N1 on the test specimen, to measure the magnetizing current. The secondary circuit comprises a secondary winding N2 connected to two voltmeters in parallel. One voltmeter V2 measures the true r.m.s. value, the other voltmeter V1 measures the average rectified value but is somet
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